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167 lines
3.4 KiB
167 lines
3.4 KiB
// File: binary_search_tree.go
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// Created Time: 2022-11-26
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_tree
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import (
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"sort"
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. "github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pkg"
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)
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type binarySearchTree struct {
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root *TreeNode
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}
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func newBinarySearchTree(nums []int) *binarySearchTree {
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// 排序数组
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sort.Ints(nums)
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// 构建二叉搜索树
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bst := &binarySearchTree{}
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bst.root = bst.buildTree(nums, 0, len(nums)-1)
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return bst
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}
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/* 构建二叉搜索树 */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) buildTree(nums []int, left, right int) *TreeNode {
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if left > right {
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return nil
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}
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// 将数组中间结点作为根结点
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middle := left + (right-left)>>1
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root := NewTreeNode(nums[middle])
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// 递归构建左子树和右子树
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root.Left = bst.buildTree(nums, left, middle-1)
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root.Right = bst.buildTree(nums, middle+1, right)
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return root
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}
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/* 获取根结点 */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) getRoot() *TreeNode {
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return bst.root
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}
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/* 获取中序遍历的下一个结点(仅适用于 root 有左子结点的情况) */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) getInOrderNext(node *TreeNode) *TreeNode {
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if node == nil {
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return node
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}
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// 循环访问左子结点,直到叶结点时为最小结点,跳出
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for node.Left != nil {
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node = node.Left
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}
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return node
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}
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/* 查找结点 */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) search(num int) *TreeNode {
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node := bst.root
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// 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
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for node != nil {
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if node.Val < num {
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// 目标结点在 cur 的右子树中
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node = node.Right
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} else if node.Val > num {
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// 目标结点在 cur 的左子树中
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node = node.Left
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} else {
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// 找到目标结点,跳出循环
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break
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}
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}
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// 返回目标结点
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return node
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}
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/* 插入结点 */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) insert(num int) *TreeNode {
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cur := bst.root
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// 若树为空,直接提前返回
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if cur == nil {
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return nil
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}
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// 待插入结点之前的结点位置
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var pre *TreeNode = nil
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// 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
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for cur != nil {
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if cur.Val == num {
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return nil
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}
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pre = cur
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if cur.Val < num {
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cur = cur.Right
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} else {
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cur = cur.Left
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}
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}
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// 插入结点
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node := NewTreeNode(num)
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if pre.Val < num {
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pre.Right = node
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} else {
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pre.Left = node
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}
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return cur
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}
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/* 删除结点 */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) remove(num int) *TreeNode {
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cur := bst.root
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// 若树为空,直接提前返回
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if cur == nil {
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return nil
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}
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// 待删除结点之前的结点位置
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var pre *TreeNode = nil
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// 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
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for cur != nil {
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if cur.Val == num {
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break
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}
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pre = cur
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if cur.Val < num {
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// 待删除结点在右子树中
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cur = cur.Right
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} else {
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// 待删除结点在左子树中
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cur = cur.Left
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}
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}
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// 若无待删除结点,则直接返回
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if cur == nil {
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return nil
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}
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// 子结点数为 0 或 1
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if cur.Left == nil || cur.Right == nil {
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var child *TreeNode = nil
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// 取出待删除结点的子结点
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if cur.Left != nil {
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child = cur.Left
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} else {
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child = cur.Right
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}
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// 将子结点替换为待删除结点
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if pre.Left == cur {
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pre.Left = child
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} else {
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pre.Right = child
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}
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// 子结点数为 2
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} else {
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// 获取中序遍历中待删除结点 cur 的下一个结点
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next := bst.getInOrderNext(cur)
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temp := next.Val
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// 递归删除结点 next
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bst.remove(next.Val)
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// 将 next 的值复制给 cur
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cur.Val = temp
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}
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return cur
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}
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/* 打印二叉搜索树 */
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func (bst *binarySearchTree) print() {
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PrintTree(bst.root)
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}
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