You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
153 lines
3.1 KiB
153 lines
3.1 KiB
/**
|
|
* File: array_binary_tree.dart
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-08-15
|
|
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
import '../utils/print_util.dart';
|
|
import '../utils/tree_node.dart';
|
|
|
|
/* 陣列表示下的二元樹類別 */
|
|
class ArrayBinaryTree {
|
|
late List<int?> _tree;
|
|
|
|
/* 建構子 */
|
|
ArrayBinaryTree(this._tree);
|
|
|
|
/* 串列容量 */
|
|
int size() {
|
|
return _tree.length;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的值 */
|
|
int? val(int i) {
|
|
// 若索引越界,則返回 null ,代表空位
|
|
if (i < 0 || i >= size()) {
|
|
return null;
|
|
}
|
|
return _tree[i];
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的左子節點的索引 */
|
|
int? left(int i) {
|
|
return 2 * i + 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的右子節點的索引 */
|
|
int? right(int i) {
|
|
return 2 * i + 2;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的父節點的索引 */
|
|
int? parent(int i) {
|
|
return (i - 1) ~/ 2;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 層序走訪 */
|
|
List<int> levelOrder() {
|
|
List<int> res = [];
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++) {
|
|
if (val(i) != null) {
|
|
res.add(val(i)!);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 深度優先走訪 */
|
|
void dfs(int i, String order, List<int?> res) {
|
|
// 若為空位,則返回
|
|
if (val(i) == null) {
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
// 前序走訪
|
|
if (order == 'pre') {
|
|
res.add(val(i));
|
|
}
|
|
dfs(left(i)!, order, res);
|
|
// 中序走訪
|
|
if (order == 'in') {
|
|
res.add(val(i));
|
|
}
|
|
dfs(right(i)!, order, res);
|
|
// 後序走訪
|
|
if (order == 'post') {
|
|
res.add(val(i));
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 前序走訪 */
|
|
List<int?> preOrder() {
|
|
List<int?> res = [];
|
|
dfs(0, 'pre', res);
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 中序走訪 */
|
|
List<int?> inOrder() {
|
|
List<int?> res = [];
|
|
dfs(0, 'in', res);
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 後序走訪 */
|
|
List<int?> postOrder() {
|
|
List<int?> res = [];
|
|
dfs(0, 'post', res);
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
void main() {
|
|
// 初始化二元樹
|
|
// 這裡藉助了一個從陣列直接生成二元樹的函式
|
|
List<int?> arr = [
|
|
1,
|
|
2,
|
|
3,
|
|
4,
|
|
null,
|
|
6,
|
|
7,
|
|
8,
|
|
9,
|
|
null,
|
|
null,
|
|
12,
|
|
null,
|
|
null,
|
|
15
|
|
];
|
|
|
|
TreeNode? root = listToTree(arr);
|
|
print("\n初始化二元樹\n");
|
|
print("二元樹的陣列表示:");
|
|
print(arr);
|
|
print("二元樹的鏈結串列表示:");
|
|
printTree(root);
|
|
|
|
// 陣列表示下的二元樹類別
|
|
ArrayBinaryTree abt = ArrayBinaryTree(arr);
|
|
|
|
// 訪問節點
|
|
int i = 1;
|
|
int? l = abt.left(i);
|
|
int? r = abt.right(i);
|
|
int? p = abt.parent(i);
|
|
print("\n當前節點的索引為 $i ,值為 ${abt.val(i)}");
|
|
print("其左子節點的索引為 $l ,值為 ${(l == null ? "null" : abt.val(l))}");
|
|
print("其右子節點的索引為 $r ,值為 ${(r == null ? "null" : abt.val(r))}");
|
|
print("其父節點的索引為 $p ,值為 ${(p == null ? "null" : abt.val(p))}");
|
|
|
|
// 走訪樹
|
|
List<int?> res = abt.levelOrder();
|
|
print("\n層序走訪為:$res");
|
|
res = abt.preOrder();
|
|
print("前序走訪為 $res");
|
|
res = abt.inOrder();
|
|
print("中序走訪為 $res");
|
|
res = abt.postOrder();
|
|
print("後序走訪為 $res");
|
|
}
|