You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
45 lines
1.3 KiB
45 lines
1.3 KiB
// File: climbing_stairs_backtrack.zig
|
|
// Created Time: 2023-07-15
|
|
// Author: codingonion (coderonion@gmail.com)
|
|
|
|
const std = @import("std");
|
|
|
|
// 回溯
|
|
fn backtrack(choices: []i32, state: i32, n: i32, res: std.ArrayList(i32)) void {
|
|
// 當爬到第 n 階時,方案數量加 1
|
|
if (state == n) {
|
|
res.items[0] = res.items[0] + 1;
|
|
}
|
|
// 走訪所有選擇
|
|
for (choices) |choice| {
|
|
// 剪枝:不允許越過第 n 階
|
|
if (state + choice > n) {
|
|
continue;
|
|
}
|
|
// 嘗試:做出選擇,更新狀態
|
|
backtrack(choices, state + choice, n, res);
|
|
// 回退
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// 爬樓梯:回溯
|
|
fn climbingStairsBacktrack(n: usize) !i32 {
|
|
var choices = [_]i32{ 1, 2 }; // 可選擇向上爬 1 階或 2 階
|
|
var state: i32 = 0; // 從第 0 階開始爬
|
|
var res = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
|
|
defer res.deinit();
|
|
try res.append(0); // 使用 res[0] 記錄方案數量
|
|
backtrack(&choices, state, @intCast(n), res);
|
|
return res.items[0];
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Driver Code
|
|
pub fn main() !void {
|
|
var n: usize = 9;
|
|
|
|
var res = try climbingStairsBacktrack(n);
|
|
std.debug.print("爬 {} 階樓梯共有 {} 種方案\n", .{ n, res });
|
|
|
|
_ = try std.io.getStdIn().reader().readByte();
|
|
}
|