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<div class="md-source__repository">
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krahets/hello-algo
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</a>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 4H3a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h18a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2M3 19V6h8v13H3m18 0h-8V6h8v13m-7-9.5h6V11h-6V9.5m0 2.5h6v1.5h-6V12m0 2.5h6V16h-6v-1.5Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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0. 前言
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0. 前言
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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0.1. 关于本书
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/suggestions/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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0.2. 如何使用本书
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.3. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</nav>
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<a href="../../chapter_introduction/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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1. 初识算法
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</span>
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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1. 初识算法
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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1.1. 算法无处不在
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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1.2. 算法是什么
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_introduction/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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1.3. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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2. 复杂度
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_3">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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2. 复杂度
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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2.1. 算法效率评估
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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2.2. 时间复杂度
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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2.3. 空间复杂度
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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2.4. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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3. 数据结构
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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3. 数据结构
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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3.1. 数据结构分类
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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3.2. 基本数据类型
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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3.3. 数字编码 *
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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3.4. 字符编码 *
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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3.5. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 5v14h17V5H3m4 2v2H5V7h2m-2 6v-2h2v2H5m0 2h2v2H5v-2m13 2H9v-2h9v2m0-4H9v-2h9v2m0-4H9V7h9v2Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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4. 数组与链表
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_5">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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4. 数组与链表
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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4.1. 数组
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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4.2. 链表
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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4.3. 列表
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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4.4. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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|
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17.36 20.2v-5.38h1.79V22H3v-7.18h1.8v5.38h12.56M6.77 14.32l.37-1.76 8.79 1.85-.37 1.76-8.79-1.85m1.16-4.21.76-1.61 8.14 3.78-.76 1.62-8.14-3.79m2.26-3.99 1.15-1.38 6.9 5.76-1.15 1.37-6.9-5.75m4.45-4.25L20 9.08l-1.44 1.07-5.36-7.21 1.44-1.07M6.59 18.41v-1.8h8.98v1.8H6.59Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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5. 栈与队列
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</span>
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</a>
|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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5. 栈与队列
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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5.1. 栈
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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5.2. 队列
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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5.3. 双向队列
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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5.4. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.3 17.89c1.32-2.1.7-4.89-1.41-6.21a4.52 4.52 0 0 0-6.21 1.41C10.36 15.2 11 18 13.09 19.3c1.47.92 3.33.92 4.8 0L21 22.39 22.39 21l-3.09-3.11m-2-.62c-.98.98-2.56.97-3.54 0-.97-.98-.97-2.56.01-3.54.97-.97 2.55-.97 3.53 0 .96.99.95 2.57-.03 3.54h.03M19 4H5a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v12a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h5.81a6.3 6.3 0 0 1-1.31-2H5v-4h4.18c.16-.71.43-1.39.82-2H5V8h6v2.81a6.3 6.3 0 0 1 2-1.31V8h6v2a6.499 6.499 0 0 1 2 2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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6. 散列表
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_7">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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6. 散列表
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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6.1. 哈希表
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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6.2. 哈希冲突
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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6.3. 哈希算法
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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6.4. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" checked>
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.5 17c-.14 0-.26 0-.39.04L17.5 13.8c.45-.45.75-1.09.75-1.8a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5c-.14 0-.25 0-.4.04L13.74 6.3c.47-.46.76-1.09.76-1.8a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-5 0c0 .7.29 1.34.76 1.79L8.65 9.54c-.15-.04-.26-.04-.4-.04a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5c0 .71.29 1.34.75 1.79l-1.61 3.25C4.76 17 4.64 17 4.5 17a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 19.5c0-.7-.29-1.34-.76-1.79l1.62-3.25c.14.04.26.04.39.04s.25 0 .38-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.76 1.09-.76 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04L10 13.8c.45-.45.75-1.09.75-1.8 0-.7-.29-1.33-.75-1.79l1.61-3.25c.13.04.26.04.39.04s.26 0 .39-.04L14 10.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.75 4.29c.13 0 .25 0 .38-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.76 1.09-.76 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5m-15 3.5c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1m8.5-1c0 .55-.45 1-1 1s-1-.45-1-1 .45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1M7.25 12c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1M11 4.5c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1m3.75 7.5c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1m4.75 8.5c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7. 树
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_8">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="true">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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7. 树
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.1. 二叉树
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.2. 二叉树遍历
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.2. 二叉树遍历
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</span>
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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目录
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#721" class="md-nav__link">
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7.2.1. 层序遍历
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#722" class="md-nav__link">
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7.2.2. 前序、中序、后序遍历
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.3. 二叉树数组表示
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.4. 二叉搜索树
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.5. AVL 树 *
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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7.6. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 11 5.79V7H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 14.29V15H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 .5 20.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4 18.21V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 9 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 9.71V9h10v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15.5 12a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5 2.29V15h-1a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 21 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 20.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 19 9.71V9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-4V5.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5-2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 1m0 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M6 11a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m12 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M3 19.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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8. 堆
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_9">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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8. 堆
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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8.1. 堆
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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8.2. 建堆操作
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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8.3. Top-K 问题
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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8.4. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12 5.37-.44-.06L6 14.9c.24.21.4.48.47.78h11.06c.07-.3.23-.57.47-.78l-5.56-9.59-.44.06M6.6 16.53l4.28 2.53c.29-.27.69-.43 1.12-.43.43 0 .83.16 1.12.43l4.28-2.53H6.6M12 22a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68l.09-.56-4.3-2.55c-.31.36-.76.58-1.27.58a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68c0-.79.53-1.45 1.26-1.64V9.36c-.83-.11-1.47-.82-1.47-1.68A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 4.63 6c.55 0 1.03.26 1.34.66l4.41-2.53-.06-.45c0-.93.75-1.68 1.68-1.68.93 0 1.68.75 1.68 1.68l-.06.45 4.41 2.53c.31-.4.79-.66 1.34-.66a1.68 1.68 0 0 1 1.68 1.68c0 .86-.64 1.57-1.47 1.68v5.11c.73.19 1.26.85 1.26 1.64a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68 1.68c-.51 0-.96-.22-1.27-.58l-4.3 2.55.09.56A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 12 22M10.8 4.86 6.3 7.44l.02.24c0 .71-.44 1.32-1.06 1.57l.03 5.25 5.51-9.64m2.4 0 5.51 9.64.03-5.25c-.62-.25-1.06-.86-1.06-1.57l.02-.24-4.5-2.58Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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9. 图
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_10">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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9. 图
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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9.1. 图
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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9.2. 图基础操作
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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9.3. 图的遍历
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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9.4. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m19.31 18.9 3.08 3.1L21 23.39l-3.12-3.07c-.69.43-1.51.68-2.38.68-2.5 0-4.5-2-4.5-4.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5 4.5 2 4.5 4.5c0 .88-.25 1.71-.69 2.4m-3.81.1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0-5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5M21 4v2H3V4h18M3 16v-2h6v2H3m0-5V9h18v2h-2.03c-1.01-.63-2.2-1-3.47-1s-2.46.37-3.47 1H3Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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10. 搜索
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_11">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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10. 搜索
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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10.1. 二分查找
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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10.2. 二分查找插入点
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</span>
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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10.3. 二分查找边界
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</span>
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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10.4. 哈希优化策略
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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10.5. 重识搜索算法
|
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</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
10.6. 小结
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 17h3l-4 4-4-4h3V3h2M2 17h10v2H2M6 5v2H2V5m0 6h7v2H2v-2Z"/></svg>
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
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11. 排序
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
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|
</a>
|
|
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|
|
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_12">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
11. 排序
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.1. 排序算法
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
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11.2. 选择排序
|
|
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.3. 冒泡排序
|
|
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</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
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11.4. 插入排序
|
|
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</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.5. 快速排序
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.6. 归并排序
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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|
|
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.7. 堆排序
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.8. 桶排序
|
|
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</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.9. 计数排序
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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|
|
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.10. 基数排序
|
|
|
</span>
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
11.11. 小结
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
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|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
</ul>
|
|
|
</nav>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
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|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 7v2h5V7h-5M2 9v6h5V9H2m10 0v2H9v2h3v2l3-3-3-3m5 2v2h5v-2h-5m0 4v2h5v-2h-5Z"/></svg>
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
|
12. 分治
|
|
|
</span>
|
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|
|
<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
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|
|
|
</a>
|
|
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|
|
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_13">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
</div>
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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12. 分治
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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12.1. 分治算法
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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12.2. 分治搜索策略
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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12.3. 构建树问题
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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12.4. 汉诺塔问题
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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12.5. 小结
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 15a3 3 0 0 1 3 3 3 3 0 0 1-3 3 2.99 2.99 0 0 1-2.83-2H14v-2h1.17c.41-1.17 1.52-2 2.83-2m0 2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1m0-9a1.43 1.43 0 0 0 1.43-1.43 1.43 1.43 0 1 0-2.86 0A1.43 1.43 0 0 0 18 8m0-5.43a4 4 0 0 1 4 4C22 9.56 18 14 18 14s-4-4.44-4-7.43a4 4 0 0 1 4-4M8.83 17H10v2H8.83A2.99 2.99 0 0 1 6 21a3 3 0 0 1-3-3c0-1.31.83-2.42 2-2.83V14h2v1.17c.85.3 1.53.98 1.83 1.83M6 17a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1M6 3a3 3 0 0 1 3 3c0 1.31-.83 2.42-2 2.83V10H5V8.83A2.99 2.99 0 0 1 3 6a3 3 0 0 1 3-3m0 2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1m5 14v-2h2v2h-2m-4-6H5v-2h2v2Z"/></svg>
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13. 回溯
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</a>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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13. 回溯
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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13.1. 回溯算法
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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13.2. 全排列问题
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</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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13.3. 子集和问题
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</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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13.4. N 皇后问题
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</span>
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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13.5. 小结
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</span>
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</a>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_15" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14. 动态规划
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_15">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_15_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_15">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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14. 动态规划
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14.1. 初探动态规划
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</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14.2. DP 问题特性
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14.3. DP 解题思路
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</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14.4. 0-1 背包问题
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</span>
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14.5. 完全背包问题
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</span>
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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14.6. 编辑距离问题
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</span>
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<span class="md-status md-status--new" title="最近添加">
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</span>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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14.7. 小结
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15. 贪心
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15.1. 贪心算法
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15.2. 分数背包问题
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15.3. 最大容量问题
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15.4. 最大切分乘积问题
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15.5. 小结
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16. 附录
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16.1. 编程环境安装
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16.2. 一起参与创作
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参考文献
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目录
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<a href="#721" class="md-nav__link">
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7.2.1. 层序遍历
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<a href="#722" class="md-nav__link">
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7.2.2. 前序、中序、后序遍历
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</a>
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<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/docs/chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal.md" title="编辑此页" class="md-content__button md-icon">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-2m10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1 2.1 2.1Z"/></svg>
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<h1 id="72">7.2. 二叉树遍历<a class="headerlink" href="#72" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
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<p>从物理结构的角度来看，树是一种基于链表的数据结构，因此其遍历方式是通过指针逐个访问节点。然而，树是一种非线性数据结构，这使得遍历树比遍历链表更加复杂，需要借助搜索算法来实现。</p>
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<p>二叉树常见的遍历方式包括层序遍历、前序遍历、中序遍历和后序遍历等。</p>
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<h2 id="721">7.2.1. 层序遍历<a class="headerlink" href="#721" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>「层序遍历 Level-Order Traversal」从顶部到底部逐层遍历二叉树，并在每一层按照从左到右的顺序访问节点。</p>
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<p>层序遍历本质上属于「广度优先搜索 Breadth-First Traversal」，它体现了一种“一圈一圈向外扩展”的逐层搜索方式。</p>
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<p><img alt="二叉树的层序遍历" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/binary_tree_bfs.png" /></p>
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<p align="center"> 图：二叉树的层序遍历 </p>
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<p>广度优先遍历通常借助「队列」来实现。队列遵循“先进先出”的规则，而广度优先遍历则遵循“逐层推进”的规则，两者背后的思想是一致的。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Rust</label></div>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""层序遍历"""</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">popleft</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1"># 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个切片，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()).(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 辅助队列 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 辅助队列 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_NODE_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列指针</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 加入根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 辅助数组 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_NODE_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 数组指针</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-24" name="__codelineno-6-24" href="#__codelineno-6-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-25" name="__codelineno-6-25" href="#__codelineno-6-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-6-26" name="__codelineno-6-26" href="#__codelineno-6-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-6-27" name="__codelineno-6-27" href="#__codelineno-6-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-28" name="__codelineno-6-28" href="#__codelineno-6-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-29" name="__codelineno-6-29" href="#__codelineno-6-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-30" name="__codelineno-6-30" href="#__codelineno-6-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-31" name="__codelineno-6-31" href="#__codelineno-6-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-32" name="__codelineno-6-32" href="#__codelineno-6-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-33" name="__codelineno-6-33" href="#__codelineno-6-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-34" name="__codelineno-6-34" href="#__codelineno-6-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 更新数组长度的值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-35" name="__codelineno-6-35" href="#__codelineno-6-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-36" name="__codelineno-6-36" href="#__codelineno-6-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">realloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-37" name="__codelineno-6-37" href="#__codelineno-6-37"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-38" name="__codelineno-6-38" href="#__codelineno-6-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 释放辅助数组空间</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-39" name="__codelineno-6-39" href="#__codelineno-6-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-40" name="__codelineno-6-40" href="#__codelineno-6-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-6-41" name="__codelineno-6-41" href="#__codelineno-6-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Dequeue</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queue</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">list</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a> <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">left</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">right</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">list</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="c1">// 层序遍历</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">L</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TailQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">{};</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root_node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">page_allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">popFirst</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">L</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp_node</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isNotEmpty</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存节点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子节点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 层序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-> <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化队列，加入根结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VecDeque</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span>::<span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_front</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 保存结点值</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 左子结点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Rc</span>::<span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">));</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 右子结点入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p><strong>时间复杂度</strong>：所有节点被访问一次，使用 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 时间，其中 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 为节点数量。</p>
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<p><strong>空间复杂度</strong>：在最差情况下，即满二叉树时，遍历到最底层之前，队列中最多同时存在 <span class="arithmatex">\(\frac{n + 1}{2}\)</span> 个节点，占用 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 空间。</p>
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<h2 id="722">7.2.2. 前序、中序、后序遍历<a class="headerlink" href="#722" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>相应地，前序、中序和后序遍历都属于「深度优先遍历 Depth-First Traversal」，它体现了一种“先走到尽头，再回溯继续”的遍历方式。</p>
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<p>如下图所示，左侧是深度优先遍历的示意图，右上方是对应的递归代码。深度优先遍历就像是绕着整个二叉树的外围“走”一圈，在这个过程中，在每个节点都会遇到三个位置，分别对应前序遍历、中序遍历和后序遍历。</p>
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<p><img alt="二叉搜索树的前、中、后序遍历" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/binary_tree_dfs.png" /></p>
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<p align="center"> 图：二叉搜索树的前、中、后序遍历 </p>
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<p>以下给出了实现代码，请配合上图理解深度优先遍历的递归过程。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:12"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Rust</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""前序遍历"""</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a> <span class="c1"># 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a> <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a> <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""中序遍历"""</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a> <span class="c1"># 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a> <span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a> <span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""后序遍历"""</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a> <span class="c1"># 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a> <span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a> <span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
|
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
|
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|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a> <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a> <span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a> <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a> <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a> <span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a> <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a> <span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a> <span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a> <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a> <span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a> <span class="k">guard</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">root</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a> <span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a> <span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a> <span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a> <span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="c1">// 前序遍历</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="c1">// 中序遍历</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="c1">// 后序遍历</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根节点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根节点 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根节点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 前序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o"><&</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-> <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：根结点 -> 左子树 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 中序遍历 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o"><&</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-> <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 根结点 -> 右子树</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 后序遍历 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span>: <span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o"><&</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">>>></span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span>-> <span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-32" name="__codelineno-23-32" href="#__codelineno-23-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问优先级：左子树 -> 右子树 -> 根结点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-33" name="__codelineno-23-33" href="#__codelineno-23-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-34" name="__codelineno-23-34" href="#__codelineno-23-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()));</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-35" name="__codelineno-23-35" href="#__codelineno-23-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-36" name="__codelineno-23-36" href="#__codelineno-23-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-37" name="__codelineno-23-37" href="#__codelineno-23-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-23-38" name="__codelineno-23-38" href="#__codelineno-23-38"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
|
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</div>
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|
<p><strong>时间复杂度</strong>：所有节点被访问一次，使用 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 时间，其中 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 为节点数量。</p>
|
|
|
<p><strong>空间复杂度</strong>：在最差情况下，即树退化为链表时，递归深度达到 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> ，系统占用 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 栈帧空间。</p>
|
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
|
<p>我们也可以不使用递归，仅基于迭代实现前、中、后序遍历，有兴趣的同学可以自行研究。</p>
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<p>下图展示了前序遍历二叉树的递归过程，其可分为“递”和“归”两个逆向的部分：</p>
|
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|
<ol>
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|
<li>“递”表示开启新方法，程序在此过程中访问下一个节点。</li>
|
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|
<li>“归”表示函数返回，代表当前节点已经访问完毕。</li>
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|
</ol>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1"><1></label><label for="__tabbed_3_2"><2></label><label for="__tabbed_3_3"><3></label><label for="__tabbed_3_4"><4></label><label for="__tabbed_3_5"><5></label><label for="__tabbed_3_6"><6></label><label for="__tabbed_3_7"><7></label><label for="__tabbed_3_8"><8></label><label for="__tabbed_3_9"><9></label><label for="__tabbed_3_10"><10></label><label for="__tabbed_3_11"><11></label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="前序遍历的递归过程" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step1.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step2" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step2.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step3" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step3.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step4" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step4.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step5" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step5.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step6" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step6.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step7" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step7.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step8" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step8.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step9" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step9.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step10" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step10.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="preorder_step11" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step11.png" /></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p align="center"> 图：前序遍历的递归过程 </p>
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