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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/javascript/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.js

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/**
* File: hash_map_chaining.js
* Created Time: 2023-08-06
* Author: yuan0221 (yl1452491917@gmail.com)
*/
/* 鍵值對 Number -> String */
class Pair {
constructor(key, val) {
this.key = key;
this.val = val;
}
}
/* 鏈式位址雜湊表 */
class HashMapChaining {
#size; // 鍵值對數量
#capacity; // 雜湊表容量
#loadThres; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
#extendRatio; // 擴容倍數
#buckets; // 桶陣列
/* 建構子 */
constructor() {
this.#size = 0;
this.#capacity = 4;
this.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
this.#extendRatio = 2;
this.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) => []);
}
/* 雜湊函式 */
#hashFunc(key) {
return key % this.#capacity;
}
/* 負載因子 */
#loadFactor() {
return this.#size / this.#capacity;
}
/* 查詢操作 */
get(key) {
const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
const bucket = this.#buckets[index];
// 走訪桶,若找到 key ,則返回對應 val
for (const pair of bucket) {
if (pair.key === key) {
return pair.val;
}
}
// 若未找到 key ,則返回 null
return null;
}
/* 新增操作 */
put(key, val) {
// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
if (this.#loadFactor() > this.#loadThres) {
this.#extend();
}
const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
const bucket = this.#buckets[index];
// 走訪桶,若遇到指定 key ,則更新對應 val 並返回
for (const pair of bucket) {
if (pair.key === key) {
pair.val = val;
return;
}
}
// 若無該 key ,則將鍵值對新增至尾部
const pair = new Pair(key, val);
bucket.push(pair);
this.#size++;
}
/* 刪除操作 */
remove(key) {
const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
let bucket = this.#buckets[index];
// 走訪桶,從中刪除鍵值對
for (let i = 0; i < bucket.length; i++) {
if (bucket[i].key === key) {
bucket.splice(i, 1);
this.#size--;
break;
}
}
}
/* 擴容雜湊表 */
#extend() {
// 暫存原雜湊表
const bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;
// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
this.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;
this.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) => []);
this.#size = 0;
// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
for (const bucket of bucketsTmp) {
for (const pair of bucket) {
this.put(pair.key, pair.val);
}
}
}
/* 列印雜湊表 */
print() {
for (const bucket of this.#buckets) {
let res = [];
for (const pair of bucket) {
res.push(pair.key + ' -> ' + pair.val);
}
console.log(res);
}
}
}
/* Driver Code */
/* 初始化雜湊表 */
const map = new HashMapChaining();
/* 新增操作 */
// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
map.put(12836, '小哈');
map.put(15937, '小囉');
map.put(16750, '小算');
map.put(13276, '小法');
map.put(10583, '小鴨');
console.log('\n新增完成後雜湊表為\nKey -> Value');
map.print();
/* 查詢操作 */
// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
const name = map.get(13276);
console.log('\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 ' + name);
/* 刪除操作 */
// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
map.remove(12836);
console.log('\n刪除 12836 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value');
map.print();