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145 lines
3.7 KiB
145 lines
3.7 KiB
/**
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* File: hash_map_chaining.kt
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* Created Time: 2024-01-25
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* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
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*/
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package chapter_hashing
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/* 链式地址哈希表 */
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class HashMapChaining {
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var size: Int // 键值对数量
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var capacity: Int // 哈希表容量
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val loadThres: Double // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
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val extendRatio: Int // 扩容倍数
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var buckets: MutableList<MutableList<Pair>> // 桶数组
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/* 构造方法 */
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init {
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size = 0
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capacity = 4
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loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0
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extendRatio = 2
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buckets = mutableListOf()
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for (i in 0..<capacity) {
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buckets.add(mutableListOf())
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}
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}
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/* 哈希函数 */
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fun hashFunc(key: Int): Int {
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return key % capacity
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}
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/* 负载因子 */
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fun loadFactor(): Double {
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return (size / capacity).toDouble()
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}
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/* 查询操作 */
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fun get(key: Int): String? {
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val index = hashFunc(key)
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val bucket = buckets[index]
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// 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
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for (pair in bucket) {
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if (pair.key == key) return pair._val
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}
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// 若未找到 key ,则返回 null
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return null
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}
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/* 添加操作 */
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fun put(key: Int, _val: String) {
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// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
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if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
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extend()
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}
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val index = hashFunc(key)
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val bucket = buckets[index]
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// 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
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for (pair in bucket) {
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if (pair.key == key) {
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pair._val = _val
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return
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}
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}
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// 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
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val pair = Pair(key, _val)
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bucket.add(pair)
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size++
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}
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/* 删除操作 */
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fun remove(key: Int) {
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val index = hashFunc(key)
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val bucket = buckets[index]
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// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
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for (pair in bucket) {
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if (pair.key == key) {
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bucket.remove(pair)
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size--
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break
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}
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}
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}
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/* 扩容哈希表 */
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fun extend() {
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// 暂存原哈希表
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val bucketsTmp = buckets
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// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
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capacity *= extendRatio
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// mutablelist 无固定大小
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buckets = mutableListOf()
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for (i in 0..<capacity) {
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buckets.add(mutableListOf())
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}
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size = 0
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// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
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for (bucket in bucketsTmp) {
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for (pair in bucket) {
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put(pair.key, pair._val)
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}
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}
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}
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/* 打印哈希表 */
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fun print() {
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for (bucket in buckets) {
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val res = mutableListOf<String>()
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for (pair in bucket) {
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val k = pair.key
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val v = pair._val
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res.add("$k -> $v")
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}
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println(res)
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}
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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fun main() {
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/* 初始化哈希表 */
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val map = HashMapChaining()
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/* 添加操作 */
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// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
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map.put(12836, "小哈")
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map.put(15937, "小啰")
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map.put(16750, "小算")
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map.put(13276, "小法")
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map.put(10583, "小鸭")
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println("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
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map.print()
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/* 查询操作 */
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// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
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val name = map.get(13276)
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println("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 $name")
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/* 删除操作 */
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// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
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map.remove(12836)
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println("\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
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map.print()
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} |