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111 lines
2.5 KiB
111 lines
2.5 KiB
/**
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* File: array_queue.dart
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* Created Time: 2023-03-28
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* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
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*/
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/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */
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class ArrayQueue {
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late List<int> _nums; // 用于储存队列元素的数组
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late int _front; // 队首指针,指向队首元素
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late int _queSize; // 队列长度
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ArrayQueue(int capacity) {
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_nums = List.filled(capacity, 0);
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_front = _queSize = 0;
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}
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/* 获取队列的容量 */
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int capaCity() {
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return _nums.length;
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}
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/* 获取队列的长度 */
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int size() {
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return _queSize;
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}
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/* 判断队列是否为空 */
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bool isEmpty() {
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return _queSize == 0;
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}
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/* 入队 */
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void push(int _num) {
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if (_queSize == capaCity()) {
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throw Exception("队列已满");
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}
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// 计算队尾指针,指向队尾索引 + 1
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// 通过取余操作实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部
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int rear = (_front + _queSize) % capaCity();
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// 将 _num 添加至队尾
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_nums[rear] = _num;
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_queSize++;
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}
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/* 出队 */
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int pop() {
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int _num = peek();
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// 队首指针向后移动一位,若越过尾部,则返回到数组头部
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_front = (_front + 1) % capaCity();
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_queSize--;
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return _num;
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}
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/* 访问队首元素 */
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int peek() {
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if (isEmpty()) {
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throw Exception("队列为空");
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}
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return _nums[_front];
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}
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/* 返回 Array */
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List<int> toArray() {
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// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
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final List<int> res = List.filled(_queSize, 0);
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for (int i = 0, j = _front; i < _queSize; i++, j++) {
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res[i] = _nums[j % capaCity()];
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}
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return res;
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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void main() {
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/* 初始化队列 */
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final int capacity = 10;
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final ArrayQueue queue = ArrayQueue(capacity);
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/* 元素入队 */
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queue.push(1);
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queue.push(3);
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queue.push(2);
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queue.push(5);
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queue.push(4);
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print("队列 queue = ${queue.toArray()}");
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/* 访问队首元素 */
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final int peek = queue.peek();
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print("队首元素 peek = $peek");
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/* 元素出队 */
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final int pop = queue.pop();
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print("出队元素 pop = $pop ,出队后 queue = ${queue.toArray()}");
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/* 获取队列长度 */
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final int size = queue.size();
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print("队列长度 size = $size");
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/* 判断队列是否为空 */
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final bool isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();
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print("队列是否为空 = $isEmpty");
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/* 测试环形数组 */
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for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
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queue.push(i);
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queue.pop();
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print("第 $i 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = ${queue.toArray()}");
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}
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}
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