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hello-algo/codes/kotlin/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_queue.kt

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/**
* File: array_queue.kt
* Created Time: 2024-01-25
* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
*/
package chapter_stack_and_queue
/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */
class ArrayQueue(capacity: Int) {
private val nums: IntArray = IntArray(capacity) // 用于存储队列元素的数组
private var front: Int = 0 // 队首指针,指向队首元素
private var queSize: Int = 0 // 队列长度
/* 获取队列的容量 */
fun capacity(): Int {
return nums.size
}
/* 获取队列的长度 */
fun size(): Int {
return queSize
}
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
fun isEmpty(): Boolean {
return queSize == 0
}
/* 入队 */
fun push(num: Int) {
if (queSize == capacity()) {
println("队列已满")
return
}
// 计算队尾指针,指向队尾索引 + 1
// 通过取余操作实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部
val rear = (front + queSize) % capacity()
// 将 num 添加至队尾
nums[rear] = num
queSize++
}
/* 出队 */
fun pop(): Int {
val num = peek()
// 队首指针向后移动一位,若越过尾部,则返回到数组头部
front = (front + 1) % capacity()
queSize--
return num
}
/* 访问队首元素 */
fun peek(): Int {
if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
return nums[front]
}
/* 返回数组 */
fun toArray(): IntArray {
// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
val res = IntArray(queSize)
var i = 0
var j = front
while (i < queSize) {
res[i] = nums[j % capacity()]
i++
j++
}
return res
}
}
/* Driver Code */
fun main() {
/* 初始化队列 */
val capacity = 10
val queue = ArrayQueue(capacity)
/* 元素入队 */
queue.push(1)
queue.push(3)
queue.push(2)
queue.push(5)
queue.push(4)
println("队列 queue = ${queue.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 访问队首元素 */
val peek = queue.peek()
println("队首元素 peek = $peek")
/* 元素出队 */
val pop = queue.pop()
println("出队元素 pop = ${pop},出队后 queue = ${queue.toArray().contentToString()}")
/* 获取队列的长度 */
val size = queue.size()
println("队列长度 size = $size")
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
val isEmpty = queue.isEmpty()
println("队列是否为空 = $isEmpty")
/* 测试环形数组 */
for (i in 0..9) {
queue.push(i)
queue.pop()
println("$i 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = ${queue.toArray().contentToString()}")
}
}