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93 lines
2.4 KiB
93 lines
2.4 KiB
/**
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* File: coin_change.c
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* Created Time: 2023-10-02
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* Author: Zuoxun (845242523@qq.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.h"
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/* 求最小值 */
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int myMin(int a, int b) {
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return a < b ? a : b;
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}
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/* 零錢兌換:動態規劃 */
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int coinChangeDP(int coins[], int amt, int coinsSize) {
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int n = coinsSize;
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int MAX = amt + 1;
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// 初始化 dp 表
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int **dp = malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(int *));
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for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
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dp[i] = calloc(amt + 1, sizeof(int));
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}
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// 狀態轉移:首行首列
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for (int a = 1; a <= amt; a++) {
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dp[0][a] = MAX;
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}
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// 狀態轉移:其餘行和列
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for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
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for (int a = 1; a <= amt; a++) {
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if (coins[i - 1] > a) {
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// 若超過目標金額,則不選硬幣 i
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dp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a];
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} else {
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// 不選和選硬幣 i 這兩種方案的較小值
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dp[i][a] = myMin(dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);
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}
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}
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}
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int res = dp[n][amt] != MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1;
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// 釋放記憶體
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for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
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free(dp[i]);
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}
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free(dp);
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return res;
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}
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/* 零錢兌換:空間最佳化後的動態規劃 */
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int coinChangeDPComp(int coins[], int amt, int coinsSize) {
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int n = coinsSize;
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int MAX = amt + 1;
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// 初始化 dp 表
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int *dp = malloc((amt + 1) * sizeof(int));
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for (int j = 1; j <= amt; j++) {
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dp[j] = MAX;
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}
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dp[0] = 0;
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// 狀態轉移
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for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
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for (int a = 1; a <= amt; a++) {
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if (coins[i - 1] > a) {
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// 若超過目標金額,則不選硬幣 i
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dp[a] = dp[a];
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} else {
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// 不選和選硬幣 i 這兩種方案的較小值
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dp[a] = myMin(dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1);
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}
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}
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}
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int res = dp[amt] != MAX ? dp[amt] : -1;
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// 釋放記憶體
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free(dp);
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return res;
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}
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/* Driver code */
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int main() {
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int coins[] = {1, 2, 5};
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int coinsSize = sizeof(coins) / sizeof(coins[0]);
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int amt = 4;
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// 動態規劃
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int res = coinChangeDP(coins, amt, coinsSize);
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printf("湊到目標金額所需的最少硬幣數量為 %d\n", res);
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// 空間最佳化後的動態規劃
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res = coinChangeDPComp(coins, amt, coinsSize);
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printf("湊到目標金額所需的最少硬幣數量為 %d\n", res);
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return 0;
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}
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