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79 lines
1.8 KiB
79 lines
1.8 KiB
// File: recursion.zig
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// Created Time: 2023-09-27
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// Author: QiLOL (pikaqqpika@gmail.com)
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const std = @import("std");
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// 遞迴函式
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fn recur(n: i32) i32 {
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// 終止條件
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if (n == 1) {
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return 1;
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}
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// 遞:遞迴呼叫
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var res: i32 = recur(n - 1);
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// 迴:返回結果
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return n + res;
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}
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// 使用迭代模擬遞迴
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fn forLoopRecur(comptime n: i32) i32 {
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// 使用一個顯式的堆疊來模擬系統呼叫堆疊
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var stack: [n]i32 = undefined;
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var res: i32 = 0;
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// 遞:遞迴呼叫
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var i: usize = n;
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while (i > 0) {
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stack[i - 1] = @intCast(i);
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i -= 1;
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}
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// 迴:返回結果
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var index: usize = n;
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while (index > 0) {
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index -= 1;
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res += stack[index];
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}
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// res = 1+2+3+...+n
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return res;
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}
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// 尾遞迴函式
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fn tailRecur(n: i32, res: i32) i32 {
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// 終止條件
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if (n == 0) {
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return res;
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}
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// 尾遞迴呼叫
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return tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);
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}
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// 費波那契數列
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fn fib(n: i32) i32 {
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// 終止條件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
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if (n == 1 or n == 2) {
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return n - 1;
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}
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// 遞迴呼叫 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
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var res: i32 = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
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// 返回結果 f(n)
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return res;
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}
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// Driver Code
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pub fn main() !void {
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const n: i32 = 5;
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var res: i32 = 0;
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res = recur(n);
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std.debug.print("\n遞迴函式的求和結果 res = {}\n", .{recur(n)});
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res = forLoopRecur(n);
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std.debug.print("\n使用迭代模擬遞迴的求和結果 res = {}\n", .{forLoopRecur(n)});
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res = tailRecur(n, 0);
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std.debug.print("\n尾遞迴函式的求和結果 res = {}\n", .{tailRecur(n, 0)});
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res = fib(n);
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std.debug.print("\n費波那契數列的第 {} 項為 {}\n", .{n, fib(n)});
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}
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