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krahets/hello-algo
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</div>
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</a>
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</div>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_1" id="__nav_1_label" tabindex="0">
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0. 写在前面
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_1_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_1">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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0. 写在前面
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/about_the_book/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.1. 关于本书
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/suggestions/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2. 如何使用本书
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.3. 小结
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</a>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2" id="__nav_2_label" tabindex="0">
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1. 引言
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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1. 引言
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere/" class="md-nav__link">
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1.1. 算法无处不在
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/" class="md-nav__link">
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1.2. 算法是什么
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_introduction/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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1.3. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3" id="__nav_3_label" tabindex="0">
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2. 复杂度分析
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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2. 复杂度分析
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.1. 算法效率评估
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.2. 时间复杂度
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.3. 空间复杂度
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_time_tradeoff/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.4. 权衡时间与空间
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.5. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4" id="__nav_4_label" tabindex="0">
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3. 数据结构简介
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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3. 数据结构简介
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/data_and_memory/" class="md-nav__link">
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3.1. 数据与内存
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link">
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3.2. 数据结构分类
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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3.3. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5" id="__nav_5_label" tabindex="0">
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4. 数组与链表
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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4. 数组与链表
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.1. 数组
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.2. 链表
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.3. 列表
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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4.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" checked>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6" id="__nav_6_label" tabindex="0">
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5. 栈与队列
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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5. 栈与队列
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../stack/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.1. 栈
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
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5.2. 队列
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
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5.2. 队列
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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目录
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#521" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.1. 队列常用操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#522" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.2. 队列实现
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="5.2.2. 队列实现">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_1" class="md-nav__link">
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基于链表的实现
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_2" class="md-nav__link">
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基于数组的实现
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#523" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.3. 两种实现对比
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#524" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.4. 队列典型应用
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../deque/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.3. 双向队列
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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5.4. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_7" id="__nav_7_label" tabindex="0">
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6. 散列表
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
|
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|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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6. 散列表
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.1. 哈希表
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.2. 哈希冲突处理
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.3. 小结
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_8" id="__nav_8_label" tabindex="0">
|
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7. 树
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
7. 树
|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.1. 二叉树
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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7.2. 二叉树遍历
|
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
7.3. 二叉搜索树
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
7.4. AVL 树 *
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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7.5. 小结
|
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
|
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_9" id="__nav_9_label" tabindex="0">
|
|
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8. 堆
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
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8. 堆
|
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</label>
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|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
8.1. 堆
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
8.2. 建堆操作 *
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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|
<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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8.3. 小结
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
|
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_10" id="__nav_10_label" tabindex="0">
|
|
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9. 图
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
9. 图
|
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</label>
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|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
9.1. 图
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
9.2. 图基础操作
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
9.3. 图的遍历（New）
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
9.4. 小结
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
|
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_11" id="__nav_11_label" tabindex="0">
|
|
|
10. 查找算法
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
</label>
|
|
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|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
|
10. 查找算法
|
|
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</label>
|
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/linear_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
10.1. 线性查找
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
10.2. 二分查找
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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|
<a href="../../chapter_searching/hashing_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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10.3. 哈希查找
|
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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10.4. 小结
|
|
|
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
|
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_12" id="__nav_12_label" tabindex="0">
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11. 排序算法
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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11. 排序算法
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11.1. 排序简介
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.2. 冒泡排序
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</a>
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.3. 插入排序
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.4. 快速排序
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.5. 归并排序
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.6. 桶排序（New）
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.7. 计数排序（New）
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</a>
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.8. 基数排序（New）
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</a>
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<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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11.9. 小结
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</a>
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12. 附录
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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12. 附录
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<a href="../../chapter_appendix/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
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12.1. 编程环境安装
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</a>
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<a href="../../chapter_appendix/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
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12.2. 一起参与创作
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</a>
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_reference/">参考文献</a>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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参考文献
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
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<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
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<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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目录
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#521" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.1. 队列常用操作
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#522" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.2. 队列实现
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="5.2.2. 队列实现">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_1" class="md-nav__link">
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基于链表的实现
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_2" class="md-nav__link">
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基于数组的实现
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#523" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.3. 两种实现对比
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#524" class="md-nav__link">
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5.2.4. 队列典型应用
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md" title="编辑此页" class="md-content__button md-icon">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-2m10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1 2.1 2.1Z"/></svg>
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</a>
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<h1 id="52">5.2. 队列<a class="headerlink" href="#52" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
|
|
<p>「队列 Queue」是一种遵循「先入先出 first in, first out」数据操作规则的线性数据结构。顾名思义，队列模拟的是排队现象，即外面的人不断加入队列尾部，而处于队列头部的人不断地离开。</p>
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<p>我们将队列头部称为「队首」，队列尾部称为「队尾」，将把元素加入队尾的操作称为「入队」，删除队首元素的操作称为「出队」。</p>
|
|
|
<p><img alt="队列的先入先出规则" src="../queue.assets/queue_operations.png" /></p>
|
|
|
<p align="center"> Fig. 队列的先入先出规则 </p>
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<h2 id="521">5.2.1. 队列常用操作<a class="headerlink" href="#521" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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|
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<p>队列的常用操作见下表。需要注意，不同编程语言的方法名是不同的，在这里我们采用与栈相同的方法命名。</p>
|
|
|
<div class="center-table">
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<table>
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|
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<thead>
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|
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<tr>
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<th>方法名</th>
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<th>描述</th>
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<th>时间复杂度</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>push()</td>
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|
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<td>元素入队，即将元素添加至队尾</td>
|
|
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<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></td>
|
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr>
|
|
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<td>pop()</td>
|
|
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<td>队首元素出队</td>
|
|
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<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr>
|
|
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<td>peek()</td>
|
|
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<td>访问队首元素</td>
|
|
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<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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</tbody>
|
|
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</table>
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|
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</div>
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|
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<p>我们可以直接使用编程语言实现好的队列类。</p>
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|
|
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label></div>
|
|
|
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
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|
|
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">();</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="sd">""" 初始化队列 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="c1"># 在 Python 中，我们一般将双向队列类 deque 看作队列使用</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="c1"># 虽然 queue.Queue() 是纯正的队列类，但不太好用，因此不建议</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Deque</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">collections</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="sd">""" 元素入队 """</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="sd">""" 访问队首元素 """</span>
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|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">que</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="sd">""" 元素出队 """</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">que</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">popleft</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="sd">""" 获取队列的长度 """</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="sd">""" 判断队列是否为空 """</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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|
|
</code></pre></div>
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|
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</div>
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|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="c1">// 在 Go 中，将 list 作为队列来使用</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
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|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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|
<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="c1">// JavaScript 没有内置的队列，可以把 Array 当作队列来使用</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="c1">// 底层是数组，因此 shift() 方法的时间复杂度为 O(n)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// TypeScript 没有内置的队列，可以把 Array 当作队列来使用 </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="c1">// 底层是数组，因此 shift() 方法的时间复杂度为 O(n)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Dequeue</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="c1">// Swift 没有内置的队列类，可以把 Array 当作队列来使用</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queue</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">peek</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">!</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出队 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="c1">// 由于是数组，因此 removeFirst 的复杂度为 O(n)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pool</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">isEmpty</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span>
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|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2 id="522">5.2.2. 队列实现<a class="headerlink" href="#522" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>队列需要一种可以在一端添加，并在另一端删除的数据结构，也可以使用链表或数组来实现。</p>
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<h3 id="_1">基于链表的实现<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>我们将链表的「头结点」和「尾结点」分别看作是队首和队尾，并规定队尾只可添加结点，队首只可删除结点。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:3"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">LinkedListQueue</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">push()</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">pop()</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="基于链表实现队列的入队出队操作" src="../queue.assets/linkedlist_queue.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="linkedlist_queue_push" src="../queue.assets/linkedlist_queue_push.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="linkedlist_queue_pop" src="../queue.assets/linkedlist_queue_pop.png" /></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>以下是使用链表实现队列的示例代码。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Zig</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头结点 front ，尾结点 rear </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-48" name="__codelineno-10-48" href="#__codelineno-10-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-49" name="__codelineno-10-49" href="#__codelineno-10-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">EmptyStackException</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-50" name="__codelineno-10-50" href="#__codelineno-10-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-51" name="__codelineno-10-51" href="#__codelineno-10-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-52" name="__codelineno-10-52" href="#__codelineno-10-52"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-53" name="__codelineno-10-53" href="#__codelineno-10-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-54" name="__codelineno-10-54" href="#__codelineno-10-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-55" name="__codelineno-10-55" href="#__codelineno-10-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-56" name="__codelineno-10-56" href="#__codelineno-10-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-57" name="__codelineno-10-57" href="#__codelineno-10-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-58" name="__codelineno-10-58" href="#__codelineno-10-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-59" name="__codelineno-10-59" href="#__codelineno-10-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-60" name="__codelineno-10-60" href="#__codelineno-10-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-61" name="__codelineno-10-61" href="#__codelineno-10-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-62" name="__codelineno-10-62" href="#__codelineno-10-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-10-63" name="__codelineno-10-63" href="#__codelineno-10-63"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头结点 front ，尾结点 rear </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历链表删除结点，释放内存</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">freeMemoryLinkedList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-50" name="__codelineno-11-50" href="#__codelineno-11-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-51" name="__codelineno-11-51" href="#__codelineno-11-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-11-52" name="__codelineno-11-52" href="#__codelineno-11-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-53" name="__codelineno-11-53" href="#__codelineno-11-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-54" name="__codelineno-11-54" href="#__codelineno-11-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-55" name="__codelineno-11-55" href="#__codelineno-11-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-56" name="__codelineno-11-56" href="#__codelineno-11-56"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-57" name="__codelineno-11-57" href="#__codelineno-11-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-58" name="__codelineno-11-58" href="#__codelineno-11-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-59" name="__codelineno-11-59" href="#__codelineno-11-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-60" name="__codelineno-11-60" href="#__codelineno-11-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-61" name="__codelineno-11-61" href="#__codelineno-11-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-62" name="__codelineno-11-62" href="#__codelineno-11-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-63" name="__codelineno-11-63" href="#__codelineno-11-63"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-64" name="__codelineno-11-64" href="#__codelineno-11-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Vector 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-65" name="__codelineno-11-65" href="#__codelineno-11-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-66" name="__codelineno-11-66" href="#__codelineno-11-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-67" name="__codelineno-11-67" href="#__codelineno-11-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-11-68" name="__codelineno-11-68" href="#__codelineno-11-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-69" name="__codelineno-11-69" href="#__codelineno-11-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-70" name="__codelineno-11-70" href="#__codelineno-11-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-71" name="__codelineno-11-71" href="#__codelineno-11-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-11-72" name="__codelineno-11-72" href="#__codelineno-11-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-11-73" name="__codelineno-11-73" href="#__codelineno-11-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-11-74" name="__codelineno-11-74" href="#__codelineno-11-74"></a><span class="p">};</span>
|
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 基于链表实现的队列 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 构造方法 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="c1"># 头结点 front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="c1"># 尾结点 rear</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 获取队列的长度 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 判断队列是否为空 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 入队 """</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a> <span class="c1"># 尾结点后添加 num</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a> <span class="c1"># 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a> <span class="c1"># 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a> <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__rear</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 出队 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a> <span class="c1"># 删除头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 访问队首元素 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 转化为列表用于打印 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a> <span class="n">queue</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a> <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a> <span class="n">temp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">temp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">queue</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 使用内置包 list 来实现队列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newLinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">(),</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">value</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Value</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 List 用于打印 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">List</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">s</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头结点 #front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点 #rear</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-14-64" name="__codelineno-14-64" href="#__codelineno-14-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头结点 front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点 rear</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-32" name="__codelineno-15-32" href="#__codelineno-15-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-33" name="__codelineno-15-33" href="#__codelineno-15-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-34" name="__codelineno-15-34" href="#__codelineno-15-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-35" name="__codelineno-15-35" href="#__codelineno-15-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-36" name="__codelineno-15-36" href="#__codelineno-15-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-37" name="__codelineno-15-37" href="#__codelineno-15-37"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-38" name="__codelineno-15-38" href="#__codelineno-15-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-39" name="__codelineno-15-39" href="#__codelineno-15-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-40" name="__codelineno-15-40" href="#__codelineno-15-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-41" name="__codelineno-15-41" href="#__codelineno-15-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'队列为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-42" name="__codelineno-15-42" href="#__codelineno-15-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-43" name="__codelineno-15-43" href="#__codelineno-15-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-44" name="__codelineno-15-44" href="#__codelineno-15-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-45" name="__codelineno-15-45" href="#__codelineno-15-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-46" name="__codelineno-15-46" href="#__codelineno-15-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-47" name="__codelineno-15-47" href="#__codelineno-15-47"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-48" name="__codelineno-15-48" href="#__codelineno-15-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-49" name="__codelineno-15-49" href="#__codelineno-15-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-50" name="__codelineno-15-50" href="#__codelineno-15-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'队列为空'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-51" name="__codelineno-15-51" href="#__codelineno-15-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-52" name="__codelineno-15-52" href="#__codelineno-15-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-53" name="__codelineno-15-53" href="#__codelineno-15-53"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-54" name="__codelineno-15-54" href="#__codelineno-15-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-55" name="__codelineno-15-55" href="#__codelineno-15-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-56" name="__codelineno-15-56" href="#__codelineno-15-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-57" name="__codelineno-15-57" href="#__codelineno-15-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-58" name="__codelineno-15-58" href="#__codelineno-15-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-59" name="__codelineno-15-59" href="#__codelineno-15-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-15-60" name="__codelineno-15-60" href="#__codelineno-15-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-15-61" name="__codelineno-15-61" href="#__codelineno-15-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-62" name="__codelineno-15-62" href="#__codelineno-15-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-15-63" name="__codelineno-15-63" href="#__codelineno-15-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-15-64" name="__codelineno-15-64" href="#__codelineno-15-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">linkedListQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头结点 front ，尾结点 rear </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-33" name="__codelineno-17-33" href="#__codelineno-17-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-34" name="__codelineno-17-34" href="#__codelineno-17-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-35" name="__codelineno-17-35" href="#__codelineno-17-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
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|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-36" name="__codelineno-17-36" href="#__codelineno-17-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-37" name="__codelineno-17-37" href="#__codelineno-17-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-38" name="__codelineno-17-38" href="#__codelineno-17-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-39" name="__codelineno-17-39" href="#__codelineno-17-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-40" name="__codelineno-17-40" href="#__codelineno-17-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-41" name="__codelineno-17-41" href="#__codelineno-17-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-42" name="__codelineno-17-42" href="#__codelineno-17-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-43" name="__codelineno-17-43" href="#__codelineno-17-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-44" name="__codelineno-17-44" href="#__codelineno-17-44"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-45" name="__codelineno-17-45" href="#__codelineno-17-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-46" name="__codelineno-17-46" href="#__codelineno-17-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-47" name="__codelineno-17-47" href="#__codelineno-17-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-48" name="__codelineno-17-48" href="#__codelineno-17-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-49" name="__codelineno-17-49" href="#__codelineno-17-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-50" name="__codelineno-17-50" href="#__codelineno-17-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-51" name="__codelineno-17-51" href="#__codelineno-17-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-52" name="__codelineno-17-52" href="#__codelineno-17-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-53" name="__codelineno-17-53" href="#__codelineno-17-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-54" name="__codelineno-17-54" href="#__codelineno-17-54"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-55" name="__codelineno-17-55" href="#__codelineno-17-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-56" name="__codelineno-17-56" href="#__codelineno-17-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-57" name="__codelineno-17-57" href="#__codelineno-17-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-58" name="__codelineno-17-58" href="#__codelineno-17-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-59" name="__codelineno-17-59" href="#__codelineno-17-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-60" name="__codelineno-17-60" href="#__codelineno-17-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-61" name="__codelineno-17-61" href="#__codelineno-17-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-62" name="__codelineno-17-62" href="#__codelineno-17-62"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-63" name="__codelineno-17-63" href="#__codelineno-17-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-17-64" name="__codelineno-17-64" href="#__codelineno-17-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-65" name="__codelineno-17-65" href="#__codelineno-17-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-66" name="__codelineno-17-66" href="#__codelineno-17-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-67" name="__codelineno-17-67" href="#__codelineno-17-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Empty</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-17-68" name="__codelineno-17-68" href="#__codelineno-17-68"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-69" name="__codelineno-17-69" href="#__codelineno-17-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-70" name="__codelineno-17-70" href="#__codelineno-17-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-71" name="__codelineno-17-71" href="#__codelineno-17-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-72" name="__codelineno-17-72" href="#__codelineno-17-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-73" name="__codelineno-17-73" href="#__codelineno-17-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-74" name="__codelineno-17-74" href="#__codelineno-17-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-17-75" name="__codelineno-17-75" href="#__codelineno-17-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-76" name="__codelineno-17-76" href="#__codelineno-17-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-77" name="__codelineno-17-77" href="#__codelineno-17-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-17-78" name="__codelineno-17-78" href="#__codelineno-17-78"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于链表实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">LinkedListQueue</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="c1">// 尾结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">_size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a> <span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a> <span class="n">_size</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a> <span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a> <span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a> <span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a> <span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a> <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a> <span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a> <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a> <span class="n">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a> <span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a> <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a> <span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a> <span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a> <span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a> <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a> <span class="cm">/* 将链表转化为 Array 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">!.</span><span class="n">val</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">?.</span><span class="n">next</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-18-64" name="__codelineno-18-64" href="#__codelineno-18-64"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">linkedlist_queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于链表实现的队列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedListQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 头结点 front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?*</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点 rear</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 构造方法（分配内存+初始化队列）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 析构方法（释放内存）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取队列的长度</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判断队列是否为空</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问队首元素</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾结点后添加 num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列为空，则令头、尾结点都指向该结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 如果队列不为空，则将该结点添加到尾结点后</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-65" name="__codelineno-19-65" href="#__codelineno-19-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除头结点</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-66" name="__codelineno-19-66" href="#__codelineno-19-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-67" name="__codelineno-19-67" href="#__codelineno-19-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-68" name="__codelineno-19-68" href="#__codelineno-19-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-69" name="__codelineno-19-69" href="#__codelineno-19-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-70" name="__codelineno-19-70" href="#__codelineno-19-70"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-71" name="__codelineno-19-71" href="#__codelineno-19-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将链表转换为数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-72" name="__codelineno-19-72" href="#__codelineno-19-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-73" name="__codelineno-19-73" href="#__codelineno-19-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-74" name="__codelineno-19-74" href="#__codelineno-19-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-75" name="__codelineno-19-75" href="#__codelineno-19-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-76" name="__codelineno-19-76" href="#__codelineno-19-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-77" name="__codelineno-19-77" href="#__codelineno-19-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-78" name="__codelineno-19-78" href="#__codelineno-19-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-79" name="__codelineno-19-79" href="#__codelineno-19-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-80" name="__codelineno-19-80" href="#__codelineno-19-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-81" name="__codelineno-19-81" href="#__codelineno-19-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-82" name="__codelineno-19-82" href="#__codelineno-19-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-83" name="__codelineno-19-83" href="#__codelineno-19-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-19-84" name="__codelineno-19-84" href="#__codelineno-19-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3 id="_2">基于数组的实现<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
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<p>数组的删除首元素的时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> ，这会导致出队操作效率低下。然而，我们可以采取下述的巧妙方法来避免这个问题。</p>
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<p>考虑借助一个变量 <code>front</code> 来指向队首元素的索引，并维护变量 <code>queSize</code> 来记录队列长度。我们定义 <code>rear = front + queSize</code> ，该公式计算出来的 <code>rear</code> 指向“队尾元素索引 <span class="arithmatex">\(+1\)</span> ”的位置。</p>
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<p>在该设计下，<strong>数组中包含元素的有效区间为 <code>[front, rear - 1]</code></strong> ，进而</p>
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<ul>
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<li>对于入队操作，将输入元素赋值给 <code>rear</code> 索引处，并将 <code>queSize</code> 自增 <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> 即可；</li>
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<li>对于出队操作，仅需将 <code>front</code> 自增 <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ，并将 <code>queSize</code> 自减 <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> 即可；</li>
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</ul>
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<p>观察发现，入队与出队操作都仅需单次操作即可完成，时间复杂度皆为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> 。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:3"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">ArrayQueue</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">push()</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">pop()</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="基于数组实现队列的入队出队操作" src="../queue.assets/array_queue.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="array_queue_push" src="../queue.assets/array_queue_push.png" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<p><img alt="array_queue_pop" src="../queue.assets/array_queue_pop.png" /></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>细心的同学可能会发现一个问题：在不断入队与出队的过程中，<code>front</code> 和 <code>rear</code> 都在向右移动，<strong>在到达数组尾部后就无法继续移动了</strong>。为解决此问题，<strong>我们考虑将数组看作是首尾相接的</strong>，这样的数组被称为「环形数组」。</p>
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<p>对于环形数组，我们需要令 <code>front</code> 或 <code>rear</code> 在越过数组尾部后，直接绕回到数组头部接续遍历。这种周期性规律可以通过「取余操作」来实现，详情请见以下代码。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Zig</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列已满"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-50" name="__codelineno-20-50" href="#__codelineno-20-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-51" name="__codelineno-20-51" href="#__codelineno-20-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-52" name="__codelineno-20-52" href="#__codelineno-20-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-53" name="__codelineno-20-53" href="#__codelineno-20-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">EmptyStackException</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-54" name="__codelineno-20-54" href="#__codelineno-20-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-55" name="__codelineno-20-55" href="#__codelineno-20-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-56" name="__codelineno-20-56" href="#__codelineno-20-56"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-57" name="__codelineno-20-57" href="#__codelineno-20-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-58" name="__codelineno-20-58" href="#__codelineno-20-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-59" name="__codelineno-20-59" href="#__codelineno-20-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-20-60" name="__codelineno-20-60" href="#__codelineno-20-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-61" name="__codelineno-20-61" href="#__codelineno-20-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-62" name="__codelineno-20-62" href="#__codelineno-20-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-63" name="__codelineno-20-63" href="#__codelineno-20-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-64" name="__codelineno-20-64" href="#__codelineno-20-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-20-65" name="__codelineno-20-65" href="#__codelineno-20-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-20-66" name="__codelineno-20-66" href="#__codelineno-20-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"队列已满"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算队尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 将数组转化为 Vector 并返回 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="p">};</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 基于环形数组实现的队列 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 构造方法 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="c1"># 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 获取队列的容量 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 获取队列的长度 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">is_empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">bool</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 判断队列是否为空 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 入队 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="s2">"队列已满"</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a> <span class="c1"># 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a> <span class="c1"># 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a> <span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a> <span class="c1"># 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 出队 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a> <span class="c1"># 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 访问队首元素 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="s2">"队列为空"</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">""" 返回列表用于打印 """</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__front</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()):</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__nums</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量（即最大容纳元素数量）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="cm">/* 初始化队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">),</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-30" name="__codelineno-23-30" href="#__codelineno-23-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-31" name="__codelineno-23-31" href="#__codelineno-23-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当 rear == queCapacity 表示队列已满</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-32" name="__codelineno-23-32" href="#__codelineno-23-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-33" name="__codelineno-23-33" href="#__codelineno-23-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-34" name="__codelineno-23-34" href="#__codelineno-23-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-35" name="__codelineno-23-35" href="#__codelineno-23-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-36" name="__codelineno-23-36" href="#__codelineno-23-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-37" name="__codelineno-23-37" href="#__codelineno-23-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-38" name="__codelineno-23-38" href="#__codelineno-23-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-39" name="__codelineno-23-39" href="#__codelineno-23-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-40" name="__codelineno-23-40" href="#__codelineno-23-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-41" name="__codelineno-23-41" href="#__codelineno-23-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-42" name="__codelineno-23-42" href="#__codelineno-23-42"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-43" name="__codelineno-23-43" href="#__codelineno-23-43"></a><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-44" name="__codelineno-23-44" href="#__codelineno-23-44"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-45" name="__codelineno-23-45" href="#__codelineno-23-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-46" name="__codelineno-23-46" href="#__codelineno-23-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-47" name="__codelineno-23-47" href="#__codelineno-23-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-48" name="__codelineno-23-48" href="#__codelineno-23-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-49" name="__codelineno-23-49" href="#__codelineno-23-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-50" name="__codelineno-23-50" href="#__codelineno-23-50"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-51" name="__codelineno-23-51" href="#__codelineno-23-51"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-52" name="__codelineno-23-52" href="#__codelineno-23-52"></a><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-53" name="__codelineno-23-53" href="#__codelineno-23-53"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-54" name="__codelineno-23-54" href="#__codelineno-23-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-55" name="__codelineno-23-55" href="#__codelineno-23-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-56" name="__codelineno-23-56" href="#__codelineno-23-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-57" name="__codelineno-23-57" href="#__codelineno-23-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-58" name="__codelineno-23-58" href="#__codelineno-23-58"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-59" name="__codelineno-23-59" href="#__codelineno-23-59"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-60" name="__codelineno-23-60" href="#__codelineno-23-60"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取 Slice 用于打印 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-61" name="__codelineno-23-61" href="#__codelineno-23-61"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toSlice</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-62" name="__codelineno-23-62" href="#__codelineno-23-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-63" name="__codelineno-23-63" href="#__codelineno-23-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-64" name="__codelineno-23-64" href="#__codelineno-23-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queCapacity</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-65" name="__codelineno-23-65" href="#__codelineno-23-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-23-66" name="__codelineno-23-66" href="#__codelineno-23-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-23-67" name="__codelineno-23-67" href="#__codelineno-23-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">q</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-23-68" name="__codelineno-23-68" href="#__codelineno-23-68"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-27" name="__codelineno-24-27" href="#__codelineno-24-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-28" name="__codelineno-24-28" href="#__codelineno-24-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-29" name="__codelineno-24-29" href="#__codelineno-24-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"队列已满"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-30" name="__codelineno-24-30" href="#__codelineno-24-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-31" name="__codelineno-24-31" href="#__codelineno-24-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-32" name="__codelineno-24-32" href="#__codelineno-24-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-33" name="__codelineno-24-33" href="#__codelineno-24-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-34" name="__codelineno-24-34" href="#__codelineno-24-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-35" name="__codelineno-24-35" href="#__codelineno-24-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-36" name="__codelineno-24-36" href="#__codelineno-24-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-37" name="__codelineno-24-37" href="#__codelineno-24-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-38" name="__codelineno-24-38" href="#__codelineno-24-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-39" name="__codelineno-24-39" href="#__codelineno-24-39"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-40" name="__codelineno-24-40" href="#__codelineno-24-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-41" name="__codelineno-24-41" href="#__codelineno-24-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-42" name="__codelineno-24-42" href="#__codelineno-24-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-43" name="__codelineno-24-43" href="#__codelineno-24-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-24-44" name="__codelineno-24-44" href="#__codelineno-24-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-45" name="__codelineno-24-45" href="#__codelineno-24-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-24-46" name="__codelineno-24-46" href="#__codelineno-24-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-24-47" name="__codelineno-24-47" href="#__codelineno-24-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-24-48" name="__codelineno-24-48" href="#__codelineno-24-48"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-24-49" name="__codelineno-24-49" href="#__codelineno-24-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-24-50" name="__codelineno-24-50" href="#__codelineno-24-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-24-51" name="__codelineno-24-51" href="#__codelineno-24-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-52" name="__codelineno-24-52" href="#__codelineno-24-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-24-53" name="__codelineno-24-53" href="#__codelineno-24-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-54" name="__codelineno-24-54" href="#__codelineno-24-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-24-55" name="__codelineno-24-55" href="#__codelineno-24-55"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-24-56" name="__codelineno-24-56" href="#__codelineno-24-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-57" name="__codelineno-24-57" href="#__codelineno-24-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-24-58" name="__codelineno-24-58" href="#__codelineno-24-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-59" name="__codelineno-24-59" href="#__codelineno-24-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-60" name="__codelineno-24-60" href="#__codelineno-24-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-61" name="__codelineno-24-61" href="#__codelineno-24-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="err">#</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-62" name="__codelineno-24-62" href="#__codelineno-24-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-63" name="__codelineno-24-63" href="#__codelineno-24-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-64" name="__codelineno-24-64" href="#__codelineno-24-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-24-65" name="__codelineno-24-65" href="#__codelineno-24-65"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ArrayQueue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">boolean</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"队列已满"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-50" name="__codelineno-25-50" href="#__codelineno-25-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-51" name="__codelineno-25-51" href="#__codelineno-25-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">peek</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-52" name="__codelineno-25-52" href="#__codelineno-25-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">empty</span><span class="p">())</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-53" name="__codelineno-25-53" href="#__codelineno-25-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-54" name="__codelineno-25-54" href="#__codelineno-25-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-55" name="__codelineno-25-55" href="#__codelineno-25-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-56" name="__codelineno-25-56" href="#__codelineno-25-56"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-57" name="__codelineno-25-57" href="#__codelineno-25-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回 Array */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-58" name="__codelineno-25-58" href="#__codelineno-25-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-59" name="__codelineno-25-59" href="#__codelineno-25-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-60" name="__codelineno-25-60" href="#__codelineno-25-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-61" name="__codelineno-25-61" href="#__codelineno-25-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-62" name="__codelineno-25-62" href="#__codelineno-25-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-63" name="__codelineno-25-63" href="#__codelineno-25-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-64" name="__codelineno-25-64" href="#__codelineno-25-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-65" name="__codelineno-25-65" href="#__codelineno-25-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-25-66" name="__codelineno-25-66" href="#__codelineno-25-66"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">arrayQueue</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-20" name="__codelineno-27-20" href="#__codelineno-27-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-21" name="__codelineno-27-21" href="#__codelineno-27-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-22" name="__codelineno-27-22" href="#__codelineno-27-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-23" name="__codelineno-27-23" href="#__codelineno-27-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-24" name="__codelineno-27-24" href="#__codelineno-27-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-25" name="__codelineno-27-25" href="#__codelineno-27-25"></a>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-26" name="__codelineno-27-26" href="#__codelineno-27-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-27" name="__codelineno-27-27" href="#__codelineno-27-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-28" name="__codelineno-27-28" href="#__codelineno-27-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-29" name="__codelineno-27-29" href="#__codelineno-27-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-30" name="__codelineno-27-30" href="#__codelineno-27-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-31" name="__codelineno-27-31" href="#__codelineno-27-31"></a>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-32" name="__codelineno-27-32" href="#__codelineno-27-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-27-33" name="__codelineno-27-33" href="#__codelineno-27-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-34" name="__codelineno-27-34" href="#__codelineno-27-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-35" name="__codelineno-27-35" href="#__codelineno-27-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-36" name="__codelineno-27-36" href="#__codelineno-27-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-37" name="__codelineno-27-37" href="#__codelineno-27-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列已满"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-38" name="__codelineno-27-38" href="#__codelineno-27-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-39" name="__codelineno-27-39" href="#__codelineno-27-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-40" name="__codelineno-27-40" href="#__codelineno-27-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-41" name="__codelineno-27-41" href="#__codelineno-27-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-42" name="__codelineno-27-42" href="#__codelineno-27-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-43" name="__codelineno-27-43" href="#__codelineno-27-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
|
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-44" name="__codelineno-27-44" href="#__codelineno-27-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-45" name="__codelineno-27-45" href="#__codelineno-27-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-46" name="__codelineno-27-46" href="#__codelineno-27-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-47" name="__codelineno-27-47" href="#__codelineno-27-47"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-48" name="__codelineno-27-48" href="#__codelineno-27-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-49" name="__codelineno-27-49" href="#__codelineno-27-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-50" name="__codelineno-27-50" href="#__codelineno-27-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-51" name="__codelineno-27-51" href="#__codelineno-27-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-52" name="__codelineno-27-52" href="#__codelineno-27-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-53" name="__codelineno-27-53" href="#__codelineno-27-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-54" name="__codelineno-27-54" href="#__codelineno-27-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-55" name="__codelineno-27-55" href="#__codelineno-27-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-56" name="__codelineno-27-56" href="#__codelineno-27-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-57" name="__codelineno-27-57" href="#__codelineno-27-57"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-58" name="__codelineno-27-58" href="#__codelineno-27-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-59" name="__codelineno-27-59" href="#__codelineno-27-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-60" name="__codelineno-27-60" href="#__codelineno-27-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-61" name="__codelineno-27-61" href="#__codelineno-27-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-62" name="__codelineno-27-62" href="#__codelineno-27-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Exception</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-63" name="__codelineno-27-63" href="#__codelineno-27-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-64" name="__codelineno-27-64" href="#__codelineno-27-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-65" name="__codelineno-27-65" href="#__codelineno-27-65"></a>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-66" name="__codelineno-27-66" href="#__codelineno-27-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-67" name="__codelineno-27-67" href="#__codelineno-27-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-27-68" name="__codelineno-27-68" href="#__codelineno-27-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-69" name="__codelineno-27-69" href="#__codelineno-27-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-70" name="__codelineno-27-70" href="#__codelineno-27-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-71" name="__codelineno-27-71" href="#__codelineno-27-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-27-72" name="__codelineno-27-72" href="#__codelineno-27-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-73" name="__codelineno-27-73" href="#__codelineno-27-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-74" name="__codelineno-27-74" href="#__codelineno-27-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-75" name="__codelineno-27-75" href="#__codelineno-27-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-76" name="__codelineno-27-76" href="#__codelineno-27-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-27-77" name="__codelineno-27-77" href="#__codelineno-27-77"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
|
</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
|
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">ArrayQueue</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a> <span class="kd">private</span> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">queSize</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">// 队列长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a> <span class="cm">/* 获取队列的容量 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a> <span class="cm">/* 获取队列的长度 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a> <span class="n">queSize</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a> <span class="cm">/* 判断队列是否为空 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Bool</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a> <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a> <span class="cm">/* 入队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a> <span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列已满"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a> <span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a> <span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">rear</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a> <span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a> <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a> <span class="cm">/* 出队 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a> <span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">num</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a> <span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a> <span class="n">front</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a> <span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a> <span class="cm">/* 访问队首元素 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">peek</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a> <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-57" name="__codelineno-28-57" href="#__codelineno-28-57"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-58" name="__codelineno-28-58" href="#__codelineno-28-58"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-59" name="__codelineno-28-59" href="#__codelineno-28-59"></a> <span class="cm">/* 返回数组 */</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-60" name="__codelineno-28-60" href="#__codelineno-28-60"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-61" name="__codelineno-28-61" href="#__codelineno-28-61"></a> <span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-62" name="__codelineno-28-62" href="#__codelineno-28-62"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">queSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-63" name="__codelineno-28-63" href="#__codelineno-28-63"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">sequence</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">first</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">front</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="kc">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">queSize</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-64" name="__codelineno-28-64" href="#__codelineno-28-64"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()]</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-65" name="__codelineno-28-65" href="#__codelineno-28-65"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-66" name="__codelineno-28-66" href="#__codelineno-28-66"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-67" name="__codelineno-28-67" href="#__codelineno-28-67"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-28-68" name="__codelineno-28-68" href="#__codelineno-28-68"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array_queue.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="c1">// 基于环形数组实现的队列</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayQueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">comptime</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@This</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 用于存储队列元素的数组 </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队列容量</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针，指向队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 尾指针，指向队尾 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 内存分配器</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 构造方法（分配内存+初始化数组）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ArenaAllocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-20" name="__codelineno-29-20" href="#__codelineno-29-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-21" name="__codelineno-29-21" href="#__codelineno-29-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-22" name="__codelineno-29-22" href="#__codelineno-29-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-23" name="__codelineno-29-23" href="#__codelineno-29-23"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-24" name="__codelineno-29-24" href="#__codelineno-29-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 析构方法（释放内存）</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-25" name="__codelineno-29-25" href="#__codelineno-29-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-26" name="__codelineno-29-26" href="#__codelineno-29-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-27" name="__codelineno-29-27" href="#__codelineno-29-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_arena</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-28" name="__codelineno-29-28" href="#__codelineno-29-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-29" name="__codelineno-29-29" href="#__codelineno-29-29"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-30" name="__codelineno-29-30" href="#__codelineno-29-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取队列的容量</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-31" name="__codelineno-29-31" href="#__codelineno-29-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-32" name="__codelineno-29-32" href="#__codelineno-29-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-33" name="__codelineno-29-33" href="#__codelineno-29-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-34" name="__codelineno-29-34" href="#__codelineno-29-34"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-35" name="__codelineno-29-35" href="#__codelineno-29-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 获取队列的长度</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-36" name="__codelineno-29-36" href="#__codelineno-29-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-37" name="__codelineno-29-37" href="#__codelineno-29-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-38" name="__codelineno-29-38" href="#__codelineno-29-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-39" name="__codelineno-29-39" href="#__codelineno-29-39"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-40" name="__codelineno-29-40" href="#__codelineno-29-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判断队列是否为空</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-41" name="__codelineno-29-41" href="#__codelineno-29-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-42" name="__codelineno-29-42" href="#__codelineno-29-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-43" name="__codelineno-29-43" href="#__codelineno-29-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-44" name="__codelineno-29-44" href="#__codelineno-29-44"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-45" name="__codelineno-29-45" href="#__codelineno-29-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-46" name="__codelineno-29-46" href="#__codelineno-29-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-47" name="__codelineno-29-47" href="#__codelineno-29-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-48" name="__codelineno-29-48" href="#__codelineno-29-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列已满</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{});</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-49" name="__codelineno-29-49" href="#__codelineno-29-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-50" name="__codelineno-29-50" href="#__codelineno-29-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-51" name="__codelineno-29-51" href="#__codelineno-29-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算尾指针，指向队尾索引 + 1</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-52" name="__codelineno-29-52" href="#__codelineno-29-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 通过取余操作，实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-53" name="__codelineno-29-53" href="#__codelineno-29-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-54" name="__codelineno-29-54" href="#__codelineno-29-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将 num 添加至队尾</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-55" name="__codelineno-29-55" href="#__codelineno-29-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-56" name="__codelineno-29-56" href="#__codelineno-29-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-57" name="__codelineno-29-57" href="#__codelineno-29-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-58" name="__codelineno-29-58" href="#__codelineno-29-58"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-59" name="__codelineno-29-59" href="#__codelineno-29-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出队</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-60" name="__codelineno-29-60" href="#__codelineno-29-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-61" name="__codelineno-29-61" href="#__codelineno-29-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-62" name="__codelineno-29-62" href="#__codelineno-29-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 队首指针向后移动一位，若越过尾部则返回到数组头部</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-63" name="__codelineno-29-63" href="#__codelineno-29-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-64" name="__codelineno-29-64" href="#__codelineno-29-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">que_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-65" name="__codelineno-29-65" href="#__codelineno-29-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-66" name="__codelineno-29-66" href="#__codelineno-29-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-67" name="__codelineno-29-67" href="#__codelineno-29-67"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-68" name="__codelineno-29-68" href="#__codelineno-29-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 访问队首元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-69" name="__codelineno-29-69" href="#__codelineno-29-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-70" name="__codelineno-29-70" href="#__codelineno-29-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"队列为空"</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-71" name="__codelineno-29-71" href="#__codelineno-29-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">];</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-72" name="__codelineno-29-72" href="#__codelineno-29-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-73" name="__codelineno-29-73" href="#__codelineno-29-73"></a>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-74" name="__codelineno-29-74" href="#__codelineno-29-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 返回数组</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-75" name="__codelineno-29-75" href="#__codelineno-29-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-76" name="__codelineno-29-76" href="#__codelineno-29-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-77" name="__codelineno-29-77" href="#__codelineno-29-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem_allocator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-29-78" name="__codelineno-29-78" href="#__codelineno-29-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">mem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@as</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-29-79" name="__codelineno-29-79" href="#__codelineno-29-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-29-80" name="__codelineno-29-80" href="#__codelineno-29-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<a id="__codelineno-29-81" name="__codelineno-29-81" href="#__codelineno-29-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
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|
<a id="__codelineno-29-82" name="__codelineno-29-82" href="#__codelineno-29-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()];</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-29-83" name="__codelineno-29-83" href="#__codelineno-29-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-29-84" name="__codelineno-29-84" href="#__codelineno-29-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-29-85" name="__codelineno-29-85" href="#__codelineno-29-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
<a id="__codelineno-29-86" name="__codelineno-29-86" href="#__codelineno-29-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
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<a id="__codelineno-29-87" name="__codelineno-29-87" href="#__codelineno-29-87"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>以上实现的队列仍存在局限性，即长度不可变。不过这个问题很容易解决，我们可以将数组替换为列表（即动态数组），从而引入扩容机制。有兴趣的同学可以尝试自行实现。</p>
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<h2 id="523">5.2.3. 两种实现对比<a class="headerlink" href="#523" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>与栈的结论一致，在此不再赘述。</p>
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<h2 id="524">5.2.4. 队列典型应用<a class="headerlink" href="#524" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>淘宝订单</strong>。购物者下单后，订单就被加入到队列之中，随后系统再根据顺序依次处理队列中的订单。在双十一时，在短时间内会产生海量的订单，如何处理「高并发」则是工程师们需要重点思考的问题。</li>
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<li><strong>各种待办事项</strong>。任何需要实现“先来后到”的功能，例如打印机的任务队列、餐厅的出餐队列等等。</li>
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