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hello-algo/codes/zig/chapter_computational_compl.../recursion.zig

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// File: recursion.zig
// Created Time: 2023-09-27
// Author: QiLOL (pikaqqpika@gmail.com)
const std = @import("std");
// 递归函数
fn recur(n: i32) i32 {
// 终止条件
if (n == 1) {
return 1;
}
// 递:递归调用
var res: i32 = recur(n - 1);
// 归:返回结果
return n + res;
}
// 使用迭代模拟递归
fn forLoopRecur(comptime n: i32) i32 {
// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈
var stack: [n]i32 = undefined;
var res: i32 = 0;
// 递:递归调用
var i: usize = n;
while (i > 0) {
stack[i - 1] = @intCast(i);
i -= 1;
}
// 归:返回结果
var index: usize = n;
while (index > 0) {
index -= 1;
res += stack[index];
}
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
return res;
}
// 尾递归函数
fn tailRecur(n: i32, res: i32) i32 {
// 终止条件
if (n == 0) {
return res;
}
// 尾递归调用
return tailRecur(n - 1, res + n);
}
// 斐波那契数列
fn fib(n: i32) i32 {
// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
if (n == 1 or n == 2) {
return n - 1;
}
// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
var res: i32 = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2);
// 返回结果 f(n)
return res;
}
// Driver Code
pub fn main() !void {
const n: i32 = 5;
var res: i32 = 0;
res = recur(n);
std.debug.print("\n递归函数的求和结果 res = {}\n", .{recur(n)});
res = forLoopRecur(n);
std.debug.print("\n使用迭代模拟递归的求和结果 res = {}\n", .{forLoopRecur(n)});
res = tailRecur(n, 0);
std.debug.print("\n尾递归函数的求和结果 res = {}\n", .{tailRecur(n, 0)});
res = fib(n);
std.debug.print("\n斐波那契数列的第 {} 项为 {}\n", .{n, fib(n)});
}