You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
158 lines
4.3 KiB
158 lines
4.3 KiB
/**
|
|
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.dart
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-06-25
|
|
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
import 'array_hash_map.dart';
|
|
|
|
/* 開放定址雜湊表 */
|
|
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
|
late int _size; // 鍵值對數量
|
|
int _capacity = 4; // 雜湊表容量
|
|
double _loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
|
|
int _extendRatio = 2; // 擴容倍數
|
|
late List<Pair?> _buckets; // 桶陣列
|
|
Pair _TOMBSTONE = Pair(-1, "-1"); // 刪除標記
|
|
|
|
/* 建構子 */
|
|
HashMapOpenAddressing() {
|
|
_size = 0;
|
|
_buckets = List.generate(_capacity, (index) => null);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 雜湊函式 */
|
|
int hashFunc(int key) {
|
|
return key % _capacity;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 負載因子 */
|
|
double loadFactor() {
|
|
return _size / _capacity;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引 */
|
|
int findBucket(int key) {
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
int firstTombstone = -1;
|
|
// 線性探查,當遇到空桶時跳出
|
|
while (_buckets[index] != null) {
|
|
// 若遇到 key ,返回對應的桶索引
|
|
if (_buckets[index]!.key == key) {
|
|
// 若之前遇到了刪除標記,則將鍵值對移動至該索引處
|
|
if (firstTombstone != -1) {
|
|
_buckets[firstTombstone] = _buckets[index];
|
|
_buckets[index] = _TOMBSTONE;
|
|
return firstTombstone; // 返回移動後的桶索引
|
|
}
|
|
return index; // 返回桶索引
|
|
}
|
|
// 記錄遇到的首個刪除標記
|
|
if (firstTombstone == -1 && _buckets[index] == _TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
firstTombstone = index;
|
|
}
|
|
// 計算桶索引,越過尾部則返回頭部
|
|
index = (index + 1) % _capacity;
|
|
}
|
|
// 若 key 不存在,則返回新增點的索引
|
|
return firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 查詢操作 */
|
|
String? get(int key) {
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
int index = findBucket(key);
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則返回對應 val
|
|
if (_buckets[index] != null && _buckets[index] != _TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
return _buckets[index]!.val;
|
|
}
|
|
// 若鍵值對不存在,則返回 null
|
|
return null;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 新增操作 */
|
|
void put(int key, String val) {
|
|
// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
|
|
if (loadFactor() > _loadThres) {
|
|
extend();
|
|
}
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
int index = findBucket(key);
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則覆蓋 val 並返回
|
|
if (_buckets[index] != null && _buckets[index] != _TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
_buckets[index]!.val = val;
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
// 若鍵值對不存在,則新增該鍵值對
|
|
_buckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);
|
|
_size++;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 刪除操作 */
|
|
void remove(int key) {
|
|
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
|
int index = findBucket(key);
|
|
// 若找到鍵值對,則用刪除標記覆蓋它
|
|
if (_buckets[index] != null && _buckets[index] != _TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
_buckets[index] = _TOMBSTONE;
|
|
_size--;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 擴容雜湊表 */
|
|
void extend() {
|
|
// 暫存原雜湊表
|
|
List<Pair?> bucketsTmp = _buckets;
|
|
// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
|
|
_capacity *= _extendRatio;
|
|
_buckets = List.generate(_capacity, (index) => null);
|
|
_size = 0;
|
|
// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
|
|
for (Pair? pair in bucketsTmp) {
|
|
if (pair != null && pair != _TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
put(pair.key, pair.val);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 列印雜湊表 */
|
|
void printHashMap() {
|
|
for (Pair? pair in _buckets) {
|
|
if (pair == null) {
|
|
print("null");
|
|
} else if (pair == _TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
print("TOMBSTONE");
|
|
} else {
|
|
print("${pair.key} -> ${pair.val}");
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
void main() {
|
|
/* 初始化雜湊表 */
|
|
HashMapOpenAddressing map = HashMapOpenAddressing();
|
|
|
|
/* 新增操作 */
|
|
// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
|
|
map.put(12836, "小哈");
|
|
map.put(15937, "小囉");
|
|
map.put(16750, "小算");
|
|
map.put(13276, "小法");
|
|
map.put(10583, "小鴨");
|
|
print("\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value");
|
|
map.printHashMap();
|
|
|
|
/* 查詢操作 */
|
|
// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
|
|
String? name = map.get(13276);
|
|
print("\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 $name");
|
|
|
|
/* 刪除操作 */
|
|
// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
|
|
map.remove(16750);
|
|
print("\n刪除 16750 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value");
|
|
map.printHashMap();
|
|
}
|