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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/ruby/chapter_heap/top_k.rb

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=begin
File: top_k.rb
Created Time: 2024-04-19
Author: Blue Bean (lonnnnnnner@gmail.com)
=end
require_relative "./my_heap"
### 元素入堆積 ###
def push_min_heap(heap, val)
# 元素取反
heap.push(-val)
end
### 元素出堆積 ###
def pop_min_heap(heap)
# 元素取反
-heap.pop
end
### 訪問堆積頂元素 ###
def peek_min_heap(heap)
# 元素取反
-heap.peek
end
### 取出堆積中元素 ###
def get_min_heap(heap)
# 將堆積中所有元素取反
heap.max_heap.map { |x| -x }
end
### 基於堆積查詢陣列中最大的 k 個元素 ###
def top_k_heap(nums, k)
# 初始化小頂堆積
# 請注意:我們將堆積中所有元素取反,從而用大頂堆積來模擬小頂堆積
max_heap = MaxHeap.new([])
# 將陣列的前 k 個元素入堆積
for i in 0...k
push_min_heap(max_heap, nums[i])
end
# 從第 k+1 個元素開始,保持堆積的長度為 k
for i in k...nums.length
# 若當前元素大於堆積頂元素,則將堆積頂元素出堆積、當前元素入堆積
if nums[i] > peek_min_heap(max_heap)
pop_min_heap(max_heap)
push_min_heap(max_heap, nums[i])
end
end
get_min_heap(max_heap)
end
### Driver Code ###
if __FILE__ == $0
nums = [1, 7, 6, 3, 2]
k = 3
res = top_k_heap(nums, k)
puts "最大的 #{k} 個元素為"
print_heap(res)
end