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2.3. &nbsp; 空间复杂度
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2.4. &nbsp; 权衡时间与空间
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3.2. &nbsp; 数据结构分类
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4.2. &nbsp; 链表Linked List
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4.3. &nbsp; 列表List
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5.2. &nbsp; 队列Queue
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5.3. &nbsp; 双向队列Deque
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6.1. &nbsp; 哈希表Hash Map
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6.2. &nbsp; 哈希冲突处理
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7. &nbsp; &nbsp; 二叉树
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7.1. &nbsp; 二叉树Binary Tree
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7.2. &nbsp; 二叉树遍历
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7.3. &nbsp; 二叉搜索树
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7.4. &nbsp; AVL 树 *
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8.1. &nbsp;Heap
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8.2. &nbsp; 建堆操作 *
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9.1. &nbsp;Graph
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9.2. &nbsp; 图基础操作
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9.3. &nbsp; 图的遍历
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10.2. &nbsp; 二分查找
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11.1. &nbsp; 排序简介
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11.2. &nbsp; 冒泡排序
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11.3. &nbsp; 插入排序
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11.4. &nbsp; 快速排序
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11.5. &nbsp; 归并排序
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<h1 id="02">0.2. &nbsp; 如何使用本书<a class="headerlink" href="#02" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p><strong>强烈建议通读本节内容,以获取最佳学习体验</strong></p>
<h2 id="021">0.2.1. &nbsp; 行文风格约定<a class="headerlink" href="#021" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>标题后标注 <code>*</code> 的是选读章节,内容相对较难。如果你的时间有限,建议可以先跳过。</p>
<p>文章中的重要名词会用 <code>「括号」</code> 标注,例如 <code>「数组 Array」</code> 。建议记住这些名词,包括英文翻译,以便后续阅读文献时使用。</p>
<p>重点内容、总起句、总结句会被 <strong>加粗</strong> ,此类文字值得特别关注。</p>
<p>专有名词和有特指含义的词句会使用 <code>“双引号”</code> 标注,以避免歧义。</p>
<p>本书部分放弃了编程语言的注释规范,以换取更加紧凑的内容排版。注释主要分为三种类型:标题注释、内容注释、多行注释。</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="c1"># 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="sd">多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="sd">注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="cm">/**</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="cm"> * 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="cm"> * 注释</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="cm"> */</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="c1">// 标题注释,用于标注函数、类、测试样例等</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="c1">// 内容注释,用于详解代码</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="c1">// 多行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="c1">// 注释</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 id="022">0.2.2. &nbsp; 在动画图解中高效学习<a class="headerlink" href="#022" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>视频和图片相比于文字的信息密度和结构化程度更高,更容易理解。在本书中,<strong>知识重难点会主要以动画、图解的形式呈现</strong>,而文字的作用则是作为动画和图的解释与补充。</p>
<p>阅读本书时,若发现某段内容提供了动画或图解,<strong>建议你以图为主线</strong>,将文字内容(一般在图的上方)对齐到图中内容,综合来理解。</p>
<p><img alt="动画图解示例" src="../suggestions.assets/animation.gif" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 动画图解示例 </p>
<h2 id="023">0.2.3. &nbsp; 在代码实践中加深理解<a class="headerlink" href="#023" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>本书的配套代码托管在<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo">GitHub 仓库</a><strong>源代码包含详细注释,配有测试样例,可以直接运行</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>若学习时间紧张,<strong>建议至少将所有代码通读并运行一遍</strong></li>
<li>若时间允许,<strong>强烈建议对照着代码自己敲一遍</strong>。相比于读代码,写代码的过程往往能带来新的收获。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1">1) 安装编程环境<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>如果没有本地编程环境,可以参照<a href="https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_preface/installation/">下节</a></p>
<h3 id="2">2) 下载代码仓<a class="headerlink" href="#2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>如果已经安装 <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads">Git</a> ,可以通过命令行来克隆代码仓。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>git<span class="w"> </span>clone<span class="w"> </span>https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
</code></pre></div>
<p>当然你也可以点击“Download ZIP”直接下载代码压缩包解压即可。</p>
<p><img alt="克隆仓库与下载代码" src="../suggestions.assets/download_code.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 克隆仓库与下载代码 </p>
<h3 id="3">3) 运行源代码<a class="headerlink" href="#3" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>若代码块的顶部标有文件名称,则可在仓库 <code>codes</code> 文件夹中找到对应的 <strong>源代码文件</strong></p>
<p><img alt="代码块与对应的源代码文件" src="../suggestions.assets/code_md_to_repo.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 代码块与对应的源代码文件 </p>
<p>源代码文件可以帮助你省去不必要的调试时间,将精力集中在学习内容上。</p>
<p><img alt="运行代码示例" src="../suggestions.assets/running_code.gif" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 运行代码示例 </p>
<h2 id="024">0.2.4. &nbsp; 在提问讨论中共同成长<a class="headerlink" href="#024" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>阅读本书时,请不要“惯着”那些弄不明白的知识点。<strong>欢迎在评论区留下你的问题</strong>,小伙伴们和我都会给予解答,您一般 2 日内会得到回复。</p>
<p>同时,也希望你可以多花时间逛逛评论区。一方面,可以看看大家遇到了什么问题,反过来查漏补缺,这往往可以引起更加深度的思考。另一方面,也希望你可以慷慨地解答小伙伴们的问题、分享自己的见解,大家互相学习与进步!</p>
<p><img alt="评论区示例" src="../suggestions.assets/comment.gif" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 评论区示例 </p>
<h2 id="__comments">评论</h2>
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