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hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/csharp/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.cs

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/**
* File: hash_map_chaining.cs
* Created Time: 2023-06-26
* Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com)
*/
namespace hello_algo.chapter_hashing;
/* 鏈式位址雜湊表 */
class HashMapChaining {
int size; // 鍵值對數量
int capacity; // 雜湊表容量
double loadThres; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
int extendRatio; // 擴容倍數
List<List<Pair>> buckets; // 桶陣列
/* 建構子 */
public HashMapChaining() {
size = 0;
capacity = 4;
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
extendRatio = 2;
buckets = new List<List<Pair>>(capacity);
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
buckets.Add([]);
}
}
/* 雜湊函式 */
int HashFunc(int key) {
return key % capacity;
}
/* 負載因子 */
double LoadFactor() {
return (double)size / capacity;
}
/* 查詢操作 */
public string? Get(int key) {
int index = HashFunc(key);
// 走訪桶,若找到 key ,則返回對應 val
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {
if (pair.key == key) {
return pair.val;
}
}
// 若未找到 key ,則返回 null
return null;
}
/* 新增操作 */
public void Put(int key, string val) {
// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
if (LoadFactor() > loadThres) {
Extend();
}
int index = HashFunc(key);
// 走訪桶,若遇到指定 key ,則更新對應 val 並返回
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {
if (pair.key == key) {
pair.val = val;
return;
}
}
// 若無該 key ,則將鍵值對新增至尾部
buckets[index].Add(new Pair(key, val));
size++;
}
/* 刪除操作 */
public void Remove(int key) {
int index = HashFunc(key);
// 走訪桶,從中刪除鍵值對
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index].ToList()) {
if (pair.key == key) {
buckets[index].Remove(pair);
size--;
break;
}
}
}
/* 擴容雜湊表 */
void Extend() {
// 暫存原雜湊表
List<List<Pair>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
capacity *= extendRatio;
buckets = new List<List<Pair>>(capacity);
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
buckets.Add([]);
}
size = 0;
// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
foreach (List<Pair> bucket in bucketsTmp) {
foreach (Pair pair in bucket) {
Put(pair.key, pair.val);
}
}
}
/* 列印雜湊表 */
public void Print() {
foreach (List<Pair> bucket in buckets) {
List<string> res = [];
foreach (Pair pair in bucket) {
res.Add(pair.key + " -> " + pair.val);
}
foreach (string kv in res) {
Console.WriteLine(kv);
}
}
}
}
public class hash_map_chaining {
[Test]
public void Test() {
/* 初始化雜湊表 */
HashMapChaining map = new();
/* 新增操作 */
// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
map.Put(12836, "小哈");
map.Put(15937, "小囉");
map.Put(16750, "小算");
map.Put(13276, "小法");
map.Put(10583, "小鴨");
Console.WriteLine("\n新增完成後雜湊表為\nKey -> Value");
map.Print();
/* 查詢操作 */
// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
string? name = map.Get(13276);
Console.WriteLine("\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 " + name);
/* 刪除操作 */
// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
map.Remove(12836);
Console.WriteLine("\n刪除 12836 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value");
map.Print();
}
}