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/**
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* File: array_queue.swift
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* Created Time: 2023-01-11
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* Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
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*/
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/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */
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class ArrayQueue {
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private var nums: [Int] // 用于存储队列元素的数组
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private var front = 0 // 头指针,指向队首
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private var rear = 0 // 尾指针,指向队尾 + 1
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init(capacity: Int) {
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// 初始化数组
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nums = Array(repeating: 0, count: capacity)
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}
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/* 获取队列的容量 */
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func capacity() -> Int {
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nums.count
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}
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/* 获取队列的长度 */
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func size() -> Int {
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let capacity = capacity()
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// 由于将数组看作为环形,可能 rear < front ,因此需要取余数
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return (capacity + rear - front) % capacity
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}
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/* 判断队列是否为空 */
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func isEmpty() -> Bool {
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rear - front == 0
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}
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/* 入队 */
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func offer(num: Int) {
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if size() == capacity() {
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print("队列已满")
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return
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}
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// 尾结点后添加 num
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nums[rear] = num
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// 尾指针向后移动一位,越过尾部后返回到数组头部
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rear = (rear + 1) % capacity()
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}
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/* 出队 */
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@discardableResult
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func poll() -> Int {
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let num = peek()
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// 队头指针向后移动一位,若越过尾部则返回到数组头部
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front = (front + 1) % capacity()
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return num
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}
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/* 访问队首元素 */
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func peek() -> Int {
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if isEmpty() {
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fatalError("队列为空")
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}
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return nums[front]
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}
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/* 返回数组 */
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func toArray() -> [Int] {
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let size = size()
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let capacity = capacity()
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// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
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var res = Array(repeating: 0, count: size)
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for (i, j) in sequence(first: (0, front), next: { $0 < size - 1 ? ($0 + 1, $1 + 1) : nil }) {
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res[i] = nums[j % capacity]
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}
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return res
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}
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}
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@main
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enum _ArrayQueue {
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/* Driver Code */
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static func main() {
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/* 初始化队列 */
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let capacity = 10
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let queue = ArrayQueue(capacity: capacity)
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/* 元素入队 */
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queue.offer(num: 1)
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queue.offer(num: 3)
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queue.offer(num: 2)
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queue.offer(num: 5)
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queue.offer(num: 4)
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print("队列 queue = \(queue.toArray())")
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/* 访问队首元素 */
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let peek = queue.peek()
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print("队首元素 peek = \(peek)")
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/* 元素出队 */
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let poll = queue.poll()
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print("出队元素 poll = \(poll),出队后 queue = \(queue.toArray())")
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/* 获取队列的长度 */
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let size = queue.size()
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print("队列长度 size = \(size)")
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/* 判断队列是否为空 */
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let isEmpty = queue.isEmpty()
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print("队列是否为空 = \(isEmpty)")
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/* 测试环形数组 */
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for i in 0 ..< 10 {
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queue.offer(num: i)
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queue.poll()
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print("第 \(i) 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = \(queue.toArray())")
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}
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}
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}
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